IHTHR OF TRAXSMlTT.vL. 



U. S. Department of Aguicultuke, 



Bi'HEAr OF Plant Tndustuy, 



Office of the Chief, . 

 Washington, I). ('., July 20, 1906. 



Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith a manuscript entitled 

 "A New Type of Red Clover" and to recommend that it he puhhshed 

 as Bulletin Xo. 95 of the series of this Bureau. This hulletin was 

 prepared hv Mr. Charles J. Brand. Assistant l^hysiologist in Plant 

 Life History Investigations, and has heen suhmitted hy Mr. A- F. 

 Woods, Assistant Chief of Bureau, with a view to puhlication. 



Considerino; the great extent of the area suited to its cultivati(m, 

 red clover is the most important forage plant and nuinurial force in 

 modern agriculture. Its high value as a feed, its power of renewing 

 and increasing the fertility of the soil hv the fixation of free nitrogen, 

 its fitness for nearly all rotations, and the fine physical condition 

 in which it leaves the soil on account of its root development all 

 contribute to make success in its cultivation ii matter of vital 

 importance to the profitableness of farming in a large part of the 

 United States. 



In the course of his studies on life history, seed production, and 

 change of seed, Mr. Brand has encountered a European strain of 

 red clover hitherto not recognized in this country, the seed of which 

 was obtained from Orel in the "Black Earth" region of Russia, 

 which promises to prove of exceptional value })oth on account of 

 its yielding power and the fine quality of hay which it produces. 



In the accompanying bulletin are described the performance and 

 characteristics of the plant itself, the sections where and the condi- 

 tions under which its culture may be expected to produce the best 

 results. The new type is not recommended to take the place of 

 our home-grown strains, but to supplement them. It is not believed 

 that it will be so well adapted to all parts of the clover region as to 

 the Northwest, but it is hoped that it may help to extend the bound- 

 aries of the present clover-growing area. 



The work covered by this report has been carried on in cooperation 

 with the Seed Laboratory and with the assistance of the Office of 

 Seed and Plant Introduction and Distribution, through which all 

 seed used in the experiments was purchased. 



The accompanying illustrations are necessary to a full understand- 

 ing of the text. 



Respectfully, B. T. Galloway, 



Chief of Bureau. 



Hon. James Wilson, 



Secretary of Agriculture. 



95 3 



