i66 



THE ALUMNI JOURNAL. 



from the middle of a selected head of 

 wheat, it is shown that from bulk lots of 

 wheat that appear in most of the markets 

 of the world, an average of the heaviest 

 samples will yield a grain as heavy as 

 was the grain of the original standard. 



2d — The general average of all the 

 samples is below the standard grain 

 weight being 60.870, when it should be 

 75.000. 



3d — With few exceptions, white wheat 

 headed the list as far as weight and size 

 of grain is concerned. 



4th — Warm countries seem to yield the 

 largest grain, and also contributed the 

 greatest proportion of white wheat ac- 

 cording to these samples. Thus India 

 furnished but one specimen of red wheat 

 out of eight considered, and supplied 

 three specimens to head the list in com- 

 parative weight, while Russia furnished 

 but one specimen of white wheat (which, 

 however, came from the Baltic Pro- 

 vinces), out of nine samples, and aver- 

 aged last in the list. 



Table III summarizes all the values 

 obtained herein and classes the wheats 

 according to their origin ; moreover, 

 within each division the wheats are ar- 

 ranged according to the size of the grain, 

 which figures are found in the second 

 column. 



TABLE III. 



England. 



4, England, Ked 



*5, " White 



Average 



India. 

 '6, No. I, Club, Bombay — __ 



*7, No. I, Bombay 



*8, Choice, Bombay 



*9, New Choice, Bombay 



*io, Kurrachee, Soft, White .. . 



*ii, Kurrachee, White 



*i2, No. 2, Calcutta 



13, Kurrachee, Red 



Average — 



Russia. 

 *i4, Baltic 



15, Azima, Fine 



16, Odessa, Azima 



17, Black Sea, Ghirka 



18, Ghirka, Fine 



19, Black Sea, Azima 



20, Odessa, Azima 



21, Ghirka, Fine 



22, Ghirka _. 



Average 



South America. 

 *23, Chili 



*24, chili 



25, Barletta 



26, Rosario, Argentine, 1893 



27, Patagonia 



28, Entre Rios 



29, River Plate 



30, Rosario, Argentine, 1892 



Average 



United States and Canada. 



*3i. California, Choice 



*32, California, No. i 



*33, California, Blue Stem 



34, Ohio Poole, Winter — . 



35, Baltimore, Red, Winter 



♦36, Ohio, White, Winter 



37, Chicago Spring 



38, Wisconsin, Spring 



*39, Washington State 



40, Dululh, Hard, Spring 



41, Manitoba, Hard, Spring 



42, Duluth, Spring 



Average 



77.4 

 64.8 



71. 1 



84.2 

 79.1 

 78.1 

 72.1 

 56.9 

 54-7 

 54 9 

 54-2 



66.8 



56.6 



5^4 



51-98 



49-5 



49-3 



46.1 



42.9 



42.8 



37.5 



3-43 



3-94 

 3-78 

 3-75 

 3-39 

 2-73 

 2.61 

 2.60 

 2.56 



3.17 



2.78 



2-55 

 2.48 



2.36 

 ■2.34 

 2.16 

 2.07 



2.06 

 1.78 



47-8 



77-9 

 66.6 



55-3 

 54-2 

 53.7 

 51-4 

 46 I 



43-8_ 



56.1 



74-4 

 fco.3 



54-9 

 53-6 

 51-9 

 51-4 

 4/. 8 



47-4 

 45-7 

 46.7 



43-9 

 40-5 



515 



3-75 

 3-12 



2.28 



3-79 

 3.26 

 2.67 

 2.61 

 2.52 

 2.43 

 2.20 



2.13 



2-51 



3-59 

 2. 

 2.66 

 2.56 



2.43 

 2.40 

 2.25 



2-23 

 2.23 

 2.17 

 2.05 

 t.90 



2.44 



337 

 346 



341 



389 

 356 

 350 

 377 

 349 

 357 

 368 



371 



■364 



,320 

 358 

 362 

 360 

 364 

 383 

 343 

 345 

 371 



355 



332 



323 

 342 

 .^46 

 ,380 

 ,^70 

 '357 

 331 



■347 



■343 

 353 

 338 

 357 

 ■383 

 387 

 377 

 377 

 327 

 394 

 ,388 

 380 



1.367 



238. 

 237-5 



237-7 



232.5 



225. 



232. 



241-5 



222. 



220.5 



2325 

 212.5 



227.3 



220.5 



'31. 



22,^.5 



221.5 



227 



226.5 



219. 



2235 



227.5 



224.4 



237.5 

 228.5 



227.5 



23 '-5 



232. 



225. 



23-5 



219-5 



230.1 



229.5 



235-5 

 221.5 



233-5 



230.5 



235.5 



236. 



227. 



224.5 



233- 



23^-5 



227-5 



230-5 



0.00 

 0.15 



0.07 



4.76 



5-73 

 6.29 

 0.67 

 2.41 



15-67 



848 



19.42 



9.18 



0-55 

 9.16 

 11.68 

 2.64 

 0.97 



894 

 6.76 



3-56 

 2.13 



5-15 



0.23 



1.41 

 2-53 

 i-73 

 2-39 

 4.01 

 3.21 

 7-97 



2.92 



2.61 

 1.25 

 0.93 

 0-03 

 0.46 

 0.87 

 0.30 

 0.14 

 0.49 



1-37 

 0.72 



2-15 

 0.94 



RECAPITULATION. 



PART FIRST. — THE GRAIN WEIGHT. 



Standard modern dictionaries and other 

 authorities inform us that the grain 

 weight was established in England 600 

 years ago from the weight of carefully 

 selected wheat grains. (Webster, PaS; 

 ley.) 



From these statements an inference 

 might be drawn, as though the average 

 wheat grain should equal a grain in 

 weight. Experiment shows, however, 

 that it is exceptional for a grain of wheat 

 to weigh as much as a grain. 



This seeming contradiction is readily 

 explained by the historical fact, viz. : — 

 that by statuteof King Henry III, (1266) 

 it was enacted that 32 grains of wheat, 



