THE ALUMNI JOURNAL. 



67 



root is described as not possessing identical 

 characters will the official root, being harder 

 more fibrous and not possessing generally the 

 keel of true senega. Portions of the stem 

 attached to the roots were colored violet. The 

 author states that this root contains a larger 

 quantity of emetine than given by Hager and 

 that it forms a very dangerous admixture. 



Basic Bismuth Salts.— Y,. Fisher, (Pharm. 

 Centralh. 1894, 4), offers the following method 

 for the preparation of these salts, in which the 

 theoretical quantities of freshly precipitated 

 bismuth hydroxide and the organic acid are 

 allowed to react upon one another. One mole- 

 cule (486 gms.) of bismuth nitrate is dissolved in 

 about four times its weight of dilute acetic acid, 

 diluted with forty times its volume of water and 

 precipitated in the cold with aqua ammonia. 

 The bismuth hydroxide is washed by decanta- 

 tion till free from nitric acid, the magma is then 

 triturated in a mortar with one molecule of 

 salicylic acid (138 gms.) Warmed on water both, 

 after short time a crystalline magma of basic 

 bismuth salicylate forms; remove water by 

 water pump and dry on porous tiles. Forms a 

 light white powder. The bismuth subgallate 

 (dermatol) is prepared after same method, 

 yielding a bright yellow powder, entirely solu- 

 ble in solution of sodiumhydrate. V. C. 



Tincture 0/ Iodine .—C F. Henry has made a 

 series of experiments, the results of which seem 

 to indicate that the following formula will most 

 suitably meet all requirements: 



Iodine. iX oz. 



Iodide of potassium, 1% ot.. 



Distilled water, Yz fl. oz. 



Glycerin, >< A- oz. 



Rectified spirit, sufficient to make 20 fl. oz. 

 Add the iodine and iodide of potassium to the 

 water, allow to stand till dissolved, then add 

 the glycerin and sufficient rectified spirit to 

 make twenty fluid ounces. Such a tincture 

 (i in 16) would be suitable for both external 

 and internal use and is miscible with water in 

 all proportions. The dose would be two to 

 eight minims, and 24 minims to the fluid ounce 

 would make a vapor iodi corresponding to the 

 present official Vapor lod.i^Q.V.)— Pharm. Jour. 

 Trans., 1894, 745- 



Ammonium Chloride.—^. Kraut, (Zeit. f. 

 anorg. Chem., 1892, 278), finds that when this 

 salt is heated in a platinum dish on a water 

 bath, an appreciable amount is lost by volatiliz- 

 ation; 50 per cent, of the whole if the heating is 

 contiued for 270 hours. 



Cresol A n tiseptics . — 



Creolin, {Artman,) Sanatol, — Cresol sul- 

 phonic acids, made from crude cresol and 

 sulphuric acid. 



Saprol — Mixture of crude cresol with high- 

 boiling oils. 



Creolin, {Pearson,) Disinfected Izal, laporcar- 

 bol II — Mixtures of resin with crude Cresol. 



Cresol, 50 percent, soluble, Cresol, (Raschig) 

 Creaspol, Cresol saponat, Lysol, Phenolin, 

 fapocarbol. Liquor Cresoli sapotiatus — Mixtures 

 of crude or pure Cresols with soap solutions, in 

 most cases 50 per cent, Cresol and 50 per cent, 

 potash soap solution (Lysol, Cresoli saponatus, 

 etc. ) 



Aqua cresolica, Cresol water — Mixtures of i 

 part Liquor Cresoli saponatus with 9 parts water 

 — amount of Cresol 5 per cent. 



Solutol — Mixture of Cresol and Cresol Soda 

 (Cresol 50 per cent.). 



Solveol — Mixture of Cresol with cresylate of 

 soda (Cresol 25 percent.). 



Tricresol — Mixture of 3 Cresols from tar oil. 

 — Pharm. Centralh., 1894, 102. V. C. 



Eucalypteol. — Eucalyptene hydrochlorate 

 C.,j,Hj^,— 2HCI. Prepared by Anthoine, consist- 

 of white scales, insol. in water, very sol. in al- 

 cohol, ether and oils. Melt at 50°. Recom- 

 mended as antiseptic for the mucous surfaces of 

 the organs of respiration. Administered in 

 doses of 0.25 gms. in emulsion. — Phartn. Cen- 

 tralh., 1894, 95. V. C. 



Preparation of Guaiacol. — The Guaiacol ob. 

 tained by practical distillation of the crude pro- 

 duct from wood tar is always more or less con- 

 taminated with Cresols or Creosol etc. Chemi- 

 cal pure Guaiacol is obtained synthetically by 

 heating under pressure a mixture of pyroca- 

 techin, potassium salt of methyl, sulphuric acid 

 and sodium hydrate in molecular proportions. 



CeH,<gj[J'^ + CH3NaS0,-= 



Thus prepared it forms in crystalline prisms of 

 melting point 28,5° and boiling point 20.5°. 



The preparation of pyrocatechin (C^ H^(OH2) 

 (1:2)) was formerly very expensive ; but is now 

 with little difficulty made from benzene or 

 toluol derivatives. By action of carbonic acid 

 en sodium phenol under pressure and high 

 temperature, paraoxybenzoic ac d is formed. 

 This on bromating is converted into bromop- 

 oxybenzoic acid, the bromin taking the ortho 

 position in the hydroxyl group. This on fusing 

 with sodium hydrate forms pyrocatechin soda, 



