Zoology.] NATURAL HISTORY OF VICTORIA. {Insects. 



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towards base, tlie upper one nearly rectangular, the lower one more obtuse and 

 continuous, with a brownish-black outer margin to wing, and containing, nearer 

 to inner edge than to apex, an arched white stripe from costa, divided into 

 three by nervules, truncated below by fifth sub-costal nervure; beyond this a 

 curved row, parallel to outer edge, of four white spots, the upper at costa largest 

 and quadrate, the three lower rounded, upper one smallest, and lower one 

 largest touching discoidal nervule ; one row of small lunulate markings parallel 

 to and near hind margin, the upper ones white, two or three lower ones 

 brownish ; fringe of edges checkered with white between nervules ; median 

 portion of wing pale-reddish tawny, with triangular black spot about middle 

 of discoidal cell, base at upper sub-costul nervure, apex nearly touching inner siile 

 of a more acute triangular black mark, the base of which comes from near middle 

 of lower boundary of discoidal cell, continuous below, with irregularly indented 

 arched black mark extending partly along first, second, and third median nervules. 

 Posterior wing : Costal and inner portions broadly margined with brownish-black, the 

 latter coated with golden-brown scales and hairs, longest and silky on inflected inner 

 edge ; beyond discoidal cell a broad triangular black mark extends from inner dark 

 part, arching towards costal dark margin, but either verj' thin or more commonly 

 interrupted between upper median nervule and discoidal nervule; beyond this an 

 arched row, parallel to outer edge, of four round spots, the anterior one black, the 

 three posterior bright cobalt-blue, with a narrow black outline ; beyond these a row 

 of irregular oval black spots, the two next angle with their outer edges blue, and 

 another row of black rounded or rhombic spots near edge on the nervules, with inter- 

 mediate white fringe at edge. UNDER SURFACE. — Body and legs very ])ale-brown; 

 palpi greyish-white. Anterior wing: Paler, but nearly like upper surface in colour 

 and marking, but usually more distinctly bright pale-red near base, and a small 

 single -black dot near base below costa ; space between costal and sub-costal nervures 

 transversely striated with alternate blackish and whitish marks as far as black spot 

 in discoidal cell and black of apical portion and base, replaced by pale wood-brown; 

 a broad quadrate white band (tawny on upper surface) crosses costa and discoid cell 

 beyond black angular marks at distal end of discoid cell ; other white marks 

 corresponding with iq)])er side. Hind.wing: irregularlj' mottled with three shades 

 of pale wood-brown and brownish white ; a conspioious large angular white spot at 

 end of discoidal cell and three on costa; nervules white; two dark spots in discoid 

 cell whjte-edged ; curved row of five round unequal ocellated spots between the 

 nervules, with one or two' narrow dark outlines, within which brown with slight blue 

 edge on basal half of three inner spots; vow of lunules be3'ond these round spots 

 ])ur])lish-brown, largest and darkest next angle, then a continuous whitish stripe, 

 then a yellowish-brown one, edge with whitish lunules between brown s|)0ts on 

 nervules. Measurements: Expanse of males, 1 inch C lines to 2 inches; of females, 

 1 inch 11 lines to '2 inches 2 lines. Larva: Blackish-brown, with a broad yellowish- 

 white band bordered with interrupted black streaks from third to last segment over 

 bases of legs on each side, and two less distinct darker-yellowish streaks above on 

 each side. All the segments, except the first and second, with branched yellowish- 

 white spines, rather less in length than half the diameter of the body ; head 

 blackish ; legs ochraceous brown, grej'ish below. Length about 1 inch. Feeds 

 chiefly on foreign Comjwsita', particularly the introduced Cape Weed, Cryptostommon 

 calendulacea, for which it abandons all native plants. Pupa : Pale yellowish-grey 

 dotted with brown, with a ie.v! gilt patches; three rows of brightl3--gilt conical 

 spines along back, the middle row smallest, and three rows much .smaller on each 

 side; about 8 lines long; head bifid, with two blunt conical projections. 



Reference. — =Cynthia Kershaiui, McCov, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 1868, 

 p. 7U. 



C 3<34 ] 



