72 



OCEANIC TINTINNOINA OF LAST CRUISE OF CARNEGIE 



diameter. The reticulations are subcircles, large and heavy- 

 walled, and smaller circles occur with the large ones. On 

 the upper horn are heavy vertical lines. All the reticulations 

 are deeply pitted. 



Length, 130^1. 



Epiplocylis sargassensis has a fuller lower bowl and 

 shorter horn than E. mucronata; it also has no free lines. It 

 differs from E. blanda in similar respects. It has a less 

 baggy bowl and longer horn than the peculiar species E. 

 obtusa. 



Recorded from twenty stations, nine in the Atlantic and 

 eleven in the Pacific, as follows: three (19, 20, 21) in the 

 Sargasso Sea, four (23, 28, 29, 30) in the Atlantic equatorial 

 region, two (31, 34) in the Caribbean Sea, seven (134, 135, 

 136, 146, 147, 148, 149) in the California region, two (144, 

 145) in the North Pacific middle latitudes, and two (150, 

 151) in the North Pacific trade region. 



There are 5 pump and 18 net samples, of which 2 were 

 taken at the surface, 4 at 50 meters, and 17 at 100 meters. 

 Maximum frequency, 13 per cent at station 29; other records 

 above minimum (2 to 12 per cent) from stations 20, 21, 28, 

 30, 31, 34, 136, 146, 147, 149, 151; averages in net samples 

 6.8 and 4 per cent in the Atlantic and Pacific, respectively. 



Temperature: Atlantic, net samples 20?99~27?88 (24?i9); 

 Pacific, net samples i8?87-25?95 (20^56), pump samples 

 i6?58— ig?i6 (i8?o6). Salinity: Atlantic, net samples 36.04- 

 37.05 (36.45); Pacific, net samples 34.02-35.04 (34.70), pump 

 samples 34.32-34.88 (34.62). Density: Atlantic, net samples 

 23.26-25.76 (24.67); Pacific, net samples 22.34-25.09 (24.38), 

 pump samples 24.48-25.11 (24.90). pH: Atlantic, net 

 samples 8.14-8.32 (8.22); Pacific, net samples 8.26-8.39 

 (8.32), pump samples 8.31-8.37 (8.34). 



Epiplocylis undella (Ostenfeld and Schmidt) Jorgensen 

 emended Kofoid and Campbell 



(Figures 71, 77) 



Epiplocylis undella, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 185, fig. 345; 

 Marshall, 1934, p. 645, fig. 18. 



The rather large, wide lorica, with conical aboral end, 

 tapering horn, short reticulated zone, and short free lines, 

 has a length of 2.06 to 2.28 oral diameters. The oral margin 

 is thin, rounded, and angular. The bowl is usually cylin- 

 drical in the anterior 1.0 oral diameter, with a diameter of 

 as much as 1.23 oral diameter at the lower end in unusually 

 swollen individuals. The lower bowl is distinctly convex 

 conical (72 to 8o°). The aboral horn tapers (16 to 18 ), 

 is sharply pointed, and has a length of 0.50 to 0.53 oral 

 diameter. 



The wall is relatively thick, reaching 0.11 oral diameter 

 through the upper anterior bowl, and gradually becoming 

 less than half as much lower down. There are thick laminae 

 which enclose small, circular alveoles in two to five layers. 

 The upper 1.0 oral diameter is free of lines and reticulations. 

 The reticulated zone occupies approximately the lower two- 

 thirds of the lower bowl, and the free lines, on occasion, 

 reach the lower end of the upper bowl. The reticulations 

 are subcircular, rather large, in 4 or more rows, and deeply 



pitted. The free lines are subvertical, relatively few, and 

 mostly unbranched. 



Length, 103 to i8o[.i. 



The Carnegie loricae are longer (168 to i8op) than usual 

 (as low as 103(1), with convex sides and swelling, and with 

 thick laminae. 



Epiplocylis undella resembles E. blanda in general shape, 

 but may be distinguished by the much shorter upper region 

 in which there are no free lines; it is generally wider. Epi- 

 plocylis mucronata has a very much longer bowl and coarser 

 reticulations. 



Recorded from seventy-six stations, nineteen in the At- 

 lantic and fifty-seven in the Pacific, as follows: two (15. 16) 

 in the Gulf Stream, six (17, 18, 19, 20, 20-21, 21) in the Sar- 

 gasso Sea, nine (22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30) in the 

 Atlantic equatorial region, two (33, 34) in the Caribbean 

 Sea, seven (37, 38, 99, 152, 153, 155, 156) in the Pacific equa- 

 torial region, nine (45, 46, 47, 69, 70, 71, 77, 78, 80) in the 

 Galapagos region, five (62, 62-63, 65, 66, 67) in the South 

 Pacific middle latitudes, seventeen (81, 82, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90, 

 91, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 157, 158, 159, 160) in the region of 

 South Pacific island fields, nine ( 100, 101, 105, 107, 109, 139, 

 140, 150, 151) in the North Pacific trade region, eight (131. 

 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 146, 148) in the California region, 

 and two (142. 14s) in the North Pacific middle latitudes. 

 Epiplocylis undella and Eutintinnus lusus-undae are perhaps 

 the most abundant species of Tintinnoina in the warmer 

 regions of the ocean; either may be expected in almost any 

 plankton catch in tropical waters. 



There are 84 pump and 64 net samples, of which 42 were 

 taken at the surface, 48 at 50 meters, and 58 at 100 meters. 

 Maximum frequency, 98 per cent at station 140; other 

 records above minimum (2 to 78 per cent) from stations 15, 

 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 33, 38, 46, 67, 69, 70, 81, 

 85, 95, 99, 109, 131, 137, 14s, 148, 150. 151, 152, 155, 156, 

 157, 158, 159, 160; averages in net samples, 7.1 and 17. 1 per 

 cent in the Atlantic and Pacific, respectively; in pump sam- 

 ples there were 1 to 12 loricae; average in the Pacific, 2. 



Temperature: Atlantic, pumpsamples i4?6o-27?88 (22^23), 

 net samples i8?o8~37?i8 (24?go); Pacific, i4?77-29?2i 

 (24?4o) and u?48-28?74 (23?7o), respectively. Salinity: 

 Atlantic, pump samples 35.61-37. is (36.00), net samples 

 35.22-37.15 (36.26); Pacific, 33.68-36.46 (35.01) and 3 1 .68— 

 36.42 (34.72), respectively. Density: Atlantic, pump samples 

 23.26-26.62 (25.65), net samples 22.84-26.07 (24.81); Pacific, 

 21.60-25.91 (23.99) and 20.20-26.50 (23.60), respectively. 

 pH: Atlantic, pump samples 7.93-8.28 (8.18), net samples 

 8.09-8.32 (8.24); Pacific, 7.86-8.47 (8.28) and 7.68-8.39 

 (8.23), respectively. 



EPIORELLA Kofoid and Campbell 



Epiorclla Kofoid and Campbell, 1939, p. 134. 



Epiorella includes species which were formerly included 

 in Epiplocylis, but which have a collar. Kofoid and Camp- 

 bell (1939) define these as a new genus. Epiorella evidently 

 arose from Epiplocylis by the addition of the collar, as 

 Codonaria arose from Codonclla. 



