24 



OCEANIC TINTINNOINA OF LAST CRUISE OF CARNEGIE 



of narrow suboral spiral turns; possibly these two species are 

 founded on extremes of a widely distributed species subject 

 to considerable physical variation. 



Recorded from four stations, two each in the Atlantic and 

 the Pacific, as follows: one (2) in the Gulf Stream, one (33) 

 in the Caribbean Sea, one (40) in the Galapagos region, and 

 one (158) in the region of South Pacific island fields. 



There are 2 pump samples (from the Caribbean Sea) and 

 } net samples, of which 1 was taken at the surface, 3 at 50 

 meters, and 1 at 100 meters. Frequency, minimum. 



Temperature: Atlantic, pumpsamples28?25-28'; 49 (28^36), 

 net sample 20^35; Pacific, net samples i5?33-28?i4 (2i?73). 

 Salinity: Atlantic, pump samples 35.63-36.19 (35.90), net 

 sample 36.41; Pacific, net samples 34.89-35.58 (35.23). Den- 

 sity: Atlantic, pump samples 22.73-23.23 (22.98), net sample 

 25.76; Pacific, net samples 22.80-25.83 (24.31). pH: At- 

 lantic, pump samples 8.23-8.24 (8.235), net sample 8.21; 

 Pacific, net samples 7.87-8.39 (8.13). 



Codonellopsis biedermanni (Brandt) Kofoid and Campbell 

 Codonellopsis biedermanni, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 75, 



fig. 181. 

 The tall, rather slender lorica, with tightly wrapped spiral 

 collar, slim, elongated bowl, and pointed aboral horn, has a 

 length of 3.88 oral diameters. The thick oral margin is 

 entire. The collar flares (43°) within the upper one-sixth, 

 and then becomes virtually a cylinder with a diameter of 

 0.77 oral diameter for the remainder of its length (0.45 total 

 length). It is made up of 28 subequal spiral turns; the 

 uppermost 7 are, however, distinctly narrower than the 

 others. The heavy, narrow bowl forms a subcylindrical neck 

 (within 0.33 oral diameter), and then increases evenly to the 

 maximum diameter of 1.05 oral diameters at 0.7 total length 

 from the rim. Below this level it rapidly declines for about 

 0.74 oral diameter, reaching, at 0.12 total length above the 

 aboral end, only 0.36 oral diameter. The aboral horn con- 

 tracts below as a cone (33°). Its free end is slightly rounded, 

 its sides are full, and the very end is opened by a minute pore. 



The wall of the collar is relatively thick (nearly 0.05 oral 

 diameter), and is paralleled by the wall of the bowl (0.065). 

 The horn is also thick (0.13). The wall of the collar has 

 thin, dark inner and outer laminae with three to four layers 

 of minute hexagons enclosed. The wall of the bowl has an 

 inner dark lamina, and there are two to four layers of 

 secondary hexagons or rectangles. The whole bowl is dense 

 brown, and the collar is a lighter shade. The outer surface 

 is neatly trim, and the bowl has small surface hexagons, 

 about 40 across its equator. The surface of the horn is retic- 

 ulated with larger areas. The horn has a narrow, sub- 

 cylindrical canal. 



Length, 230 to 380^1. 



Codonellopsis biedermanni is closest to C. meridionalis, 

 and differs from it in the more tapering, wider bowl as well 

 as in the less abrupt, less sharply distinct aboral horn: the 

 collar, also, is usually relatively longer. These are a unique 

 pair of species, hardly to be confused with others of the 

 group of longer species. 



Recorded from two stations in the Pacific, as follows: one 



(46) in the Galapagos region, and one (99) in the equa- 

 torial region. 



There are 2 net samples, of which 1 was taken at 50 and 



1 at 100 meters. Frequency, 3 per cent at station 99; average, 



2 per cent. 



Temperature, 23?2f5-27?84 (25^55); salinity, 35.04-35.33 

 (35.18); density, 22.50-24.13 (23.31); pH, 8.16-8.22 (8.19). 



Codonellopsis brasiliensis (Brandt) Kofoid and Campbell 

 Codonellopsis brasiliensis, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 77, 



fig- 153- 

 The short, trim lorica, with laterally concave cylindrical 

 collar, conical bowl, and pointed aboral end, has a length of 

 2.6 oral diameters. The oral margin is rounded over and 

 forms a minute brim. The generally cylindrical, hyaline 

 collar flares (20 ) in the upper 0.52 oral diameter and 

 reaches 0.59 oral diameter at the lower level. There are 6 

 spiral turns in this section. Below, it rapidly expands (14°) 

 to the neck, which has a diameter of 1.0 oral diameter and 

 includes 7 progressively wider spiral turns. Some local bulge 

 occurs near the upper end of the section, and one or two 

 round fenestrae are found in the tenth spiral turn. The 

 collar itself has a length of almost 0.47 total length. The 

 dense bowl is rotund; it expands from the neck to nearly 1.35 

 oral diameters at 0.65 total length, and rapidly (45 to 110°) 

 becomes convex conical below. The aboral end is sub- 

 hemispherically blunted. 



The wall reaches 0.1 oral diameter in thickness across the 

 equator, and thins out above and below. The thickness of 

 the collar is about 0.02 oral diameter. There are large, sub- 

 rectangular tertiary prisms which enclose three to five layers 

 of smaller hexagons. The wall of the collar has thin laminae 

 which enclose a clear substance. The edges of the successive 

 spiral turns are not thickened. The surface of the bowl has 

 large, irregular areas with smaller hexagons between adjacent 

 patches. 



Length, 76 to nip. 



Codonellopsis brasiliensis bears close resemblance to C. 

 ccaudata, but has a distinct lateral concavity in the collar, 

 and large surface patches on the bowl; in this latter respect 

 it recalls C. americana and its relatives, but differs from 

 these in that the patches are never adherent blobs. Its collar 

 is clearly unlike that of C. turgescens, and its bowl is not 

 shaped like that of C. robusta. 



Recorded from two stations (31, 33) in the Caribbean Sea, 



in net samples taken at 100 meters. Frequency, 2 to 3 per cent. 



Temperature, 22?56-23?i7 (22^86); salinity, 36.49-36.51 



(36.50); density, 25.03-25.22 (25.12): pH, 8. 18-8. 19 (8.185). 



Codonellopsis brevicaudata (Brandt) Kofoid and Campbell 

 (Figure 6) 

 Codonellopsis brevicaudata , Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 77, 



fig. 178; Marshall, 1934, p. 640. 



The tall lorica, with greatly elongated collar with brim, 



round, irregular bowl, and short aboral horn, has a length 



of 5.1 oral diameters. The smooth oral rim forms a wide 



(80°) brim. The distinctly elongated, hyaline, cylindrical 



