42 



OCEANIC TINTINNOINA OF LAST CRUISE OF CARNEGIE 



pH: Atlantic, pump samples 8.1 1-8.29 (8.22), net samples 

 8.16-8.32 (8.23); Pacific, 7.80-8.42 (8.18) and 7.87-8.39 

 (8.20), respectively. 



Climacocylis scalaroides Kofoid and Campbell 



Climacocylis scalaroides Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, pp. 93-94. 

 fig. 187; Marshall, 1934, pp. 641-642, fig. 14. 



The short, fairly stocky lorica is finger-shaped and 2.6 to 

 6.0 oral diameters in length. The oral margin is smooth 

 and entire. The bowl has a collar-like spiral band of 3 to 17 

 left-wound turns of unequal width. These bands form 

 rounded ridges, and the collar-like section occupies 0.3 to 0.5 

 total length. The aboral five- to seven-tenths is devoid of 

 bands, and the whole tubelike lorica approximates a cone 

 (8°). The lateral contour is locally varied, especially in the 

 undivided region. The aboral end is commonly closed off 

 with some local thickening; sometimes it is open and ragged. 



The soft, flaccid wall, easily deformed, has large hexagonal 

 prisms, about 65 around the mouth and 10 vertically across 

 the widest of the bands. The prisms are in a single layer 

 everywhere save in the suboral bands, where there may be 

 seven layers in the thickest parts. The wall is rather thick 

 in places, reaching nearly 0.3 oral diameter near the blobby 

 posterior part; mostly it is only a third as much. 



Length, 90 to 271ft. 



There is considerable variation in dimensions and propor- 

 tions, perhaps to be correlated with physical data. The num- 

 ber of spiral turns, their width, and the extent to which a 

 real shelf is developed are also characters subject to differ- 

 ence. Marshall (1934) found caudal flaps or tongues at the 

 aboral end; in the Carnegie material these tongues are lack- 

 ing, the loricae conforming to the originals. Specimens with 

 flaps may be distinctive in certain regions and should be 

 specially designated. The name suggested for such variety 

 is marshallae , n. var. 



Close to Climacocylis scalaria in most characters, this 

 species differs, however, in being smaller, in having fewer 

 spiral turns in the collar, and in the lack of an aboral skirt, 

 the spreading flounces of which give a peculiar character to 

 scalaria. The spiral turns are never flat shelves as in scalaria, 

 and the aboral masses or flaps are different in the two. The 

 other species can hardly be confused with either of these, 

 although the tubular C. sip/10 has the spiral turns in a re- 

 stricted region; there is little else in common. 



Recorded from seven stations, four in the Atlantic and 

 three in the Pacific, as follows: two (19, 21) in the Sargasso 

 Sea, one (22) in the Atlantic equatorial region, one (32) in 

 the Caribbean Sea, one (38) in the Pacific equatorial region, 

 and two (40, 73) in the Galapagos region. 



There are 2 pump and 5 net samples, of which 3 were 

 taken at the surface, 3 at 50 meters, and 1 at 100 meters. 

 Frequency, 10 per cent at station 38; 2 per cent at station 40; 

 other records minimum. 



Temperature: Atlantic, pump sample 19T21, net samples 

 i7?5o-26?57 (23? 12); Pacific, 28?oi and i5?33-26?48 

 (ao?9o), respectively. Salinity: Atlantic, pump sample 35.41, 

 net samples 36.28-37.15 (36.72); Pacific, 35.97 and 32.88- 



34.89 (33.88), respectively. Density: Atlantic, pump sample 

 25.30, net samples 23.84-24.89 (24.36); Pacific, 23.14 and 

 21.31-25.83 (23.57), respectively. pH: Atlantic, pump sample 

 8.05, net samples 8.27-8.32 (8.29); Pacific, 8.23 and 7.87-8.33 

 (8.10), respectively. 



Climacocylis sipho (Brandt) Kofoid and Campbell 

 Climacocylis sipho, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 94, fig. 184. 



The lorica is an elongated tube with numerous spiral 

 turns, an open, ragged aboral end, and a length of 6.0 oral 

 diameters. The oral margin is thin and entire. The spiral 

 collar occupies the anterior 0.43 to 0.67 total length and is 

 made up of 29 to 33 left-wound, low-angled (5 to io°) 

 turns. The turns are subequal, although with a general tend- 

 ency to be wider in the lower part than in the upper. They 

 are separated from one another by optically dark, wide lines. 

 The lower 0.33 to 0.57 of the lorica, forming the bowl, is 

 tubular. The aboral region is devoid of spiral lines or other 

 special characters, the whole being really subconical (5 ). 

 The lateral contour is fairly regular. The wide-open aboral 

 end is either squarely truncated or ragged. In the latter case 

 it may be higher (as much as half the length of the aboral 

 section) on one side. 



The wall is rigid and easily fractured. It is minutely 

 alveolar, with occasional lacunae in the spiral lamina. 



There are 2 oval macronuclei and 18 membranelles. 



Length, 260 to 290^1. 



Climacocylis sipho is not close to other members of the 

 genus. Possibly it is closer to C. digitula or C. elongata than 

 to others. These species are similar in shape, but the spiral 

 is continuous from end to end. In this respect sipho is like 

 C. scalaria, but it has no expanded skirt and the wall is not 

 flaccid. 



Recorded only from station 24 in the Atlantic equatorial 

 region, in a net sample taken at 50 meters. Frequency, 

 minimum. 



Temperature, 23?i2; salinity, 36.00; density, 24.67; pH, 

 8.14. 



Metacvlinae Kofoid and Campbell 



Metacylineae Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 197. 



The Metacylinae include those genera in which the spiral 

 lamina is invariably limited to the anterior part of the lorica. 

 The subfamily was formerly assigned to the Petalotrichidae, 

 but is here transferred to the Coxliellidae, where it appears 

 to be more naturally placed. 



The genera included are Metacylis and Hclicostomella. 

 Only the latter was found in the material of this expedition. 



HELICOSTOMELLA ]6rgensen emended 

 Helicostomella, Kofoid and Campbell, 1929, p. 104. 

 Hclicostomella is related on the one hand to Coxliella in 

 having a spiral lamina, and on the other hand to Clima- 

 cocylis in having the spiral region limited. The wall has 

 typical secondary structure. 



Hclicostomella is often common in temperate waters, 

 especially those of the north, although one species occurs as 



