CLASS INSECTA 



291 



Fig. 195. — Codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella Linnaeus. {From Farmers' Bull. 171, 

 by Simpson, and 283, hy Scott and Quaintance, U. S. Dept. Agr.) A, larva, working in an 

 apple. B, pupa. C, pupa in cocoon. D. adult. A, B, and D, X l}4; C, X H- The 

 moth lays eggs in the eyes at the blossom ends of young apples and the larvae which hatch 

 from them burrow into the apple, where they pass the larval period. After the apple falls, 

 the larva leaves it, seeks a sheltered cre\-ice, such as a crack in the bark, or under an object 

 on the ground, and forms a silken cocoon, within which it changes to a pupa. 



Fig. 196. — Plant galls due to insects. A, galls on oak caused by a gall wasp, Dryo- 

 phanta tanata Gill. B. a gall on a goldenrod stem caused by a gall fly, Eurosta solidaginis 

 Fitch. C, a gall developed on the end of a willow shoot and caused by a gall fly, Rhabdo- 

 phaga strobiloides Walsh. D, a so-called oak apple, caused by a gall wasp, Amphibolips 

 confluens Harris. E, a blackberry gall, caused by a gall wasp, Diastrophus nebulosus Osten 

 Sacken. F, a rose gall caused by a gall fly, Rhodites rosae (Linnaeus). All about two- 

 thirds natural size. {A to E from Metcalf and Flint, "Fundamentals of Insect Life," after 

 Felt, by the courtesy of McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.; F from Comstock, "Manual of the 

 Study of Insects," by the courtesy of Comstock Publishing Company.) 



