DERMAPTERA AND ORTHOPTERA 279 



group that has three peculiar genera In North America, two in the 

 West Indies and one in South America. The center of development 

 of the North American elements of the subfamily seems to have 

 been eastern and midland North America, where two (Pterophylla 

 and Lea) of the three genera are most diversely developed, while 

 the third (Paracyrtophyllus) is essentially Campestran and Sonoran. 

 No member of the tribe is found west of the Continental Divide. 



The Copiphorinae is a subfamily of broad distribution, more 

 strongly developed in the Neotropical Region than elsewhere. 

 While a number of its genera occur in Mexico, Central America, and 

 the West Indies, but a single genus, the predominatingly Neo- 

 tropical Neoconocephalus, enters w^estern North America. It occurs 

 but sparingly In the Campestran area. West of the Continental 

 Divide a single species has been taken in southern Arizona and 

 southern California. It may be intrusive from Mexico, where the 

 same species is broadly distributed. Any such intrusion seems to be 

 largely or wholly unrelated to the marked secondary developmental 

 center for Neoconocephalus in the southeastern United States, that 

 Is clearly indicated by the varied lines of the genus there present and 

 In part there limited. 



The subfamily Conocephalinae includes the small species of 

 katydids often referred to in economic works as "meadow grass- 

 hoppers." One of its two genera found within western North 

 America, Orchelimum, is strongly developed in the eastern and 

 central United States, and reaches into the Sonoran In Texas and 

 eastern Mexico. A single sub-boreal species extends from eastern 

 Canada across the northern United States to Montana, Washington, 

 and northern California. Orchelimum, while known only from Amer- 

 ica north of Tehuantepec, is closely related to the very widely 

 spread genus Conocephalus, and probably represents a line that has 

 developed in our territory from the Conocephalus stock. Like 

 Neoconocephalus, Orchelimum prefers grassy and usually quite 

 moist meadows, and unless the continuity of such conditions has 

 been assured, as In the eastern and southeastern United States, 

 Orchelimum is usually not present, and hence we do not find in west- 

 ern North America the varied representation of Orchelimum that is 

 present to the eastward. The nearly cosmopolitan genus Conoce- 

 phalus has habits rather similar to those of Neoconocephalus and 

 Orchelimum, and but four of the eighteen species known from 



