352 W. HOVANITZ 



from 15° to 43° N. Lat. A reconsideration of these genera may indi- 

 cate that they are not of generic stature; for example, Leminitis is 

 possibly congeneric with Adelpha. 



A number of genera of very restricted ranges in the tropics are 

 insufficiently known to be able to offer reasons for their restriction. 

 Judging from distributions alone, some of these, for example Gnatho- 

 triche, Morpheis, Lucinia, Peria, Balboneura, Libythma, Batesia, 

 and Coenophlebia, appear to be relict types. However, study of 

 other relationships is required before differentiations can be made 

 between those that are newly adapted to a localized habitat and 

 those that are relicts. 



Contrary to the distributional patterns in the Satyridae, few 

 genera of the Nymphalidae are restricted to intermediate or high 

 elevations in the equatorial regions, or, on the other hand, to a 

 wholly Southern Hemisphere distribution. 



Erycinidae (Figs. 16-19) 



Few genera of the Erycinidae occur outside the equatorial regions, 

 or nearby. Only two of the genera range far into northern latitudes. 

 The histogram shows, however, a range from 50° N. Lat. to 35° S. 

 Lat. and to 3,000 meters in the equatorial and desert mountains. 



Most of the equatorial genera extend farther south of the Tropic 

 of Capricorn than they do north of the Tropic of Cancer. In fact, 

 in this family 23 of the 28 equatorial genera whose ranges reach the 

 Tropic of Capricorn extend beyond at least to 30° S. Lat. The 

 equatorial genera are nearly all adapted to the lowest elevations 

 (0-1,000 meters), though a few extend upward in the Cordillera to 

 2,000-3,000 meters. Only one genus is restricted to higher eleva- 

 tions, namely, Imelda at 1,000-2,500 meters. 



The genus Charts has an equatorial range but extends also to 42° 

 N. Lat. and to 33° S. Lat. Apodemia, on the other hand, is restricted 

 to the North Temperate zone, from 50° to 20° N. Lat. A Southern 

 Hemisphere range from 20° to 30° S. Lat. is also indicated, but is a 

 basis that requires further generic study for certainty. 



Lycaenidae (Fig. 19) 



The Lycaenidae is a very large family extending from 82° N. Lat. 

 to 55° S. Lat., and from sea level to 5,000 meters in elevation. Over 

 much of its range it exists together with the Nymphalidae and 



