456 GENERAL ZOOLOGY 



Example: Orycteropus, the South African aardvark, the only- 

 representative of the order. 

 Order 8. Pholidota. Body scaly with scattered hairs; teeth 

 lacking. 



Example : Pangolin, the scaly anteater. 

 Section B. Carnivorous Forms. 



Order 9. Carnivora. Strong recurved canine teeth; molars 

 more or less modified for cutting. Four- or five-toed feet which 

 may be plantigrade, semiplantigrade, or digitigrade; toes 

 usually clawed. Some are omnivorous and some may live 

 largely on a vegetable diet. 



Examples: Wolves, dogs, cats, and bears. 

 Order 10. Pinnipedia. Pentadactyl webbed feet for swimming; 

 feed on fish. 



Examples: Walrus and seals. 

 Order 11. Cetacea. Fore limbs paddlelike; hindlimbs lacking; 

 usually a dorsal fin; a caudal fin composed of two lobes or 

 flukes. There is no neck owing to fusion of the cervical 

 vertebrae. Rudimentary pelvic bones and, in some, vestiges 

 of the skeleton of the hindlimbs occur embedded in the flesh. 

 Skin may be entirely naked. 



Examples : Porpoises, dolphins, and whales. 

 Section C. Herbivorous Forms. Terminal digits encased in 



hoofs. Ungulata. 

 Order 12. Hyracoidea. Plantigrade, three toes in front and 

 four behind. 



Example: Hyrax, the coney of the Bible. Most primitive 

 living ungulate, found in Western Asia and South Africa. 

 Order 13. Proboscidea. Pentadactyl; long proboscis with 

 nostrils at the tip; never more than two incisors (tusks) in each 

 jaw; no canine teeth; no clavicles. 

 Examples: Elephants. 

 Order 14. Sirenia. Pentadactyl, finlike forelimbs; hindlimbs 

 lacking. Skin naked or sparsely haired. Harmless aquatic 

 animals of huge size, feeding on seaweed and river grasses. 



Examples: Manatee or seacow of tropical America and Africa; 



Dugong of the Indian ocean. 



Order 15. Artiodactyla. Even number of digits (four or two), 



the axis of the foot passing between the third and fourth digits. 



Examples : Swine, hippopotamus, deer, sheep, oxen, and camels. 



