CONTENTS 



Preface 

 chapter page 



I — Introduction i 



The Function of Zoology — The Divisions of Zoology — Living Things 

 Compared with Non-Living Matter — Protoplasm — Structure of the 

 Cell — Structure of Protoplasm — Physiological Properties — Chemical 

 Composition — Proteins — Carbohydrates — Fats — Water — Chemical 

 Elements — Carbon — Hydrogen — Oxygen — Nitrogen — Sulphur — 

 Mineral Salts, Enzymes, Hormones and Vitamins — Animal Relation- 

 ships — Fitness to Survive — Plants and Animals — Table — Classification 

 — Metazoa — Vertebrates — Phylum Chordata — Sub-phylum Vertebrata 

 — Sub-phylum Adelochorda — Sub-phylum Urochorda — Invertebrates — 

 Phylum Arthropoda — Phylum Mollusca — Phylum Molluscoidea — 

 Phylum Trochelminthes — Phylum Annelida — Phylum Echinodermata 

 — Phylum Nemathelminthes — Phylum Platyhelminthes — Phylum Coc- 

 lenterata — Phylum Porifera — Phylum Protozoa. 



II — Protozoa 21 



Classification — Characteristics — Natural History — Class i. Sarcodina 

 — Type of Group — Ameba proteus — Orders of Sarcodina — Parasitic 

 Sarcodina — Class 2. Mastigophora (Flagellates) — Type of Group — 

 Euglena — Economic Importance of Flagellates — Class 3. Infusoria 

 (Ciliates) — Type of Group — Paramecium — Parasitic Ciliates — Class 4. 

 Sporozoa — Type Plasmodium vivax,the Malarial Sporozoon — Orders of 

 Sporozoa — General Considerations — External Anatomy and Internal 

 Differentiation — Locomotion — Ingestion and Digestion — Respiration 

 ■ — Circulation — Excretion — Irritability — Reproduction and Regenera- 

 tion — Sarcodina — Mastigophora (Flagellata) — Infusoria (Ciliata) — 

 Sporozoa — Endomixis — Distribution — Economic Importance — Fossil 

 Relatives and Relationship to Other Phyla — Metazoa. 



Ill — Porifera 47 



Classification — Characteristics — Distribution — Pigment in Sponges — 

 Type of Group — Grantia — External Anatomy — Ingestion and Diges- 

 tion—Circulation — Respiration — Excretion — Reproduction — Nervous 

 System — Habits — Enemies — Associations — Economic Importance of 

 the Porifera — Positive — Negative — Fossil Relatives — Ancestry and 

 Relationship to Other Phyla. 



IV — Coelenterata 54 



Classification — Characteristics — Natural History — Class i. Hydrozoa 

 — Hydra — Obelia — Alternation of Generations In the Hydrozoa — Si- 

 phonophora — Class 2. Scyphozoa — Type of Group — Aurelia — Class 3. 

 Actinozoa — Anemones and Corals — Class (or Phylum) Ctenophora — 



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