MAMMALIA 4I7 



Mediterranean and the broad-headed Alpine types which persist 

 today. 



The Peking Skull. — In December, 1929, Mr. W. C. Pei, who was 

 in charge of excavations at Chou Kou Tien, near Peking, discovered 

 the skull of a primitive man. It was possible to fix the age of the 

 Peking Man at the beginning of the Pleistocene (Ice) Age. The 

 brain was apparently advanced over that of the Pithecanthropus., 

 and had a slight frontal bulge. Further study is being made, and 

 should be most important since the cranium is complete. Pere 

 Teilhard de Chardin and Dr. Davidson Black are engaged in study- 

 ing the skull and in searching for eoliths. 



Races of Man. — We have chosen from the various classifications 

 of Homo sapiens a division into three predominant varieties, the 

 Negro, Mongolian and Caucasian, first describing the most primitive 

 race now living, probably related most closely to the Negroid. 



The Australian race have a chocolate brown skin, long black 

 wooly hair, a long skull (dolichocephalic), prominent eyebrows, large 

 canine teeth and are tall with long limbs. They are still found in 

 Australia and are the most primitive of living men. 



The Negroid race have a black or brown skin with short wooly 

 hair, a dolichocephalic skull with flattened nasal bones, prominent 

 sloping teeth and thick lips. They are found in Africa from the 

 Sahara Desert to the Cape of Good Hope. 



The Mongolian race have a yellowish brown skin, straight black 

 hair, scanty beard, a short head (brachycephalic), flat nose, small 

 oblique eyes and teeth of medium size. They include the Chinese, 

 Japanese, Tartars, Polynesians, Esquimos, North and South Ameri- 

 can Indians, Lapps and Finns. 



The Caucasian race have a white skin, soft straight hair, a well- 

 developed chin, thin lips, small teeth and a narrow nose. 



(«) The Mediterranean race are short, slender, long-headed with 

 eyes and hair brown or black. Members of this race, found orig- 

 inally along the shores of the Mediterranean, are ancestral to the 

 slender and short-limbed brunets of the British Isles and the 

 Continent. 



{h) The Alpine race are of medium height, round-headed with 

 eyes gray or brown to black. The Central French, South Germans, 

 North Italians, Austrians, many Poles, Turks, Armenians and 

 Persians are of Alpine ancestry. 



(r) The Nordics are tall and long headed, with blonde hair, and 



