41 8 MAMMALIA 



blue or gray eyes. They include the Scandinavians, North Ger- 

 mans, many French and Dutch, English, Scotch, most Irish and the 

 Americans and Canadians of early immigration.^ 



Race Mixture and the Evolution of Man. — While it has been 

 demonstrated in some parts of the world that the offspring from the 

 union of distinct races are of an excellent type, we are jealously 

 guarding these United States against swamping our best stock with 

 poorer lines, Caucasian though they may be. For many years it 

 was common in some European countries to banish criminals and 

 defectives, and even to furnish them transportation to the land of 

 the free. Today we find judges in some of our states most gerter- 

 ously warning petty criminals to get out of the state (and into 

 another). But the stringency of our present immigration laws now 

 prevents many undesirables from entering the country. 



Charles W. Eliot thought Zangwill's phrase the " melting pot " 

 most inapplicable to America. He agreed with the one who sug- 

 gested a new symbol — " America should be a symphony orchestra, 

 playing with intelligence, good will, and self control." 



Mammals as Migrants. — Relatively few mammals migrate. 

 Those that do migrate include the bison, reindeer, fur seal, dolphin, 

 bat and lemming. The bison formerly ranged over North America 

 from north to south about thirty-six hundred miles; from east to 

 west about two thousand miles. The reindeer of Spitzbergen mi- 

 grate to the central portion of the island in summer and back to the 

 sea coast in the autumn, where they feed upon sea weed. Fur seals 

 breed on the Pribilof Islands in the Bering Sea, from about May i to 

 September 15. Then they go out to sea and spend the winter, 

 making a total circuit of about six thousand miles. The dolphin 

 travels up the Amoor River for four hundred miles just as the ice 

 breaks up. Bats have seasonal migrations of considerable distances. 

 The lemmings of Norway and Sweden are small rodents (relatives of 

 the mice) about three inches long. Periodically the increase in 

 their numbers is so great that they migrate down from the moun- 

 tains and traverse the Scandinavian Peninsula in hordes. It is 



1 Brouzas is studying the physical characteristics of the ancient Greeks. He 

 reports that Inge beheved the Spartans were almost pure Nordics, and the Athe- 

 nians ahnost pure Mediterraneans. Brouzas holds that the principle of like attracts 

 like must be accepted, and that the Greeks admired blond hair because they them- 

 selves were blond. (Consult Brouzas, C. G., 1930, Proc. Amer. Phil. Assoc, vol. 

 61, pp. xxvi, xxvii.) 



