43° 



MAMMALIA— PHYSIOLOGY 



The esophagus is similar in structure to the pharynx but with 

 well-developed mucous glands secreting an oily fluid that lubricates 

 the canal. In man, it is about nine inches long. 



Stomach. — The mammalian stomach is divided into three dis- 

 tinct regions, the cardiac at the anterior end, the intermediate 



Nosal covify — 

 Pa/of e - 

 Tongue - 



I -Mf -flaso- pharynx 



■ Cavity of moui'h 

 ■-Pharynx 



■-Openina of larynx 



Oesophagus 

 Go// b/oddei^ 



, Pylorus 



Bi/e duct— 



Tr-ans\/erse co/on — 

 Li\/er -- 



Hepatic flexure 

 of colon 



Common orifice of b. 

 and pancreatic duc/s 



Duodenum 



Ascend ina colon 



Caecum 



Appendix 

 Ileum 



- Pancreatic duct 



^Splenic flexure 

 ' of colon 

 Pancreas 



Descendlncj colon 



-r Small intestine 



Fig. 240. General view of the digestive system. (Cunningham, D. J., Textbook of 



Anatomy. Y. J. Pentland, Pub.) 



fundus and the pyloric at the right or intestinal end. A well- 

 developed pyloric sphincter muscle is situated at the entrace to the 

 duodenum. The acidity of the chytne^ when it reaches the pyloric 

 region of the stomach, induces the sphincter to open. In adult 



