MAMMALIA— PHYSIOLOGY 



463 



Protoplaamic 

 eiop 



(cornua) of the bicornuate uterus^ retain the embryos until they 

 have matured. The body of the uterus in the cat does not receive 

 the implanted ovum. Subsequent to the extrusion of the ovum, the 

 follicular epithelium of a Graafian follicle degenerates, collecting in a 

 mass of cells of a yellowish color called the corpus luteum (see p. 444). 

 In higher mammals (cow, man) the Fallopian tubes or oviducts 

 function merely to convey sperm and to carry the eggs to the body 

 of the uterus. Parker finds that, in reptiles and birds, a proovarian 

 tract of cilia conducts the sperms upward, and an extensive ab- 

 ovarian tract propels the ova downward. Parker has recently 

 (1931) shown that in the rabbit muscular contractions and ciliary 

 activity together move the sperms upward and the ova downward. 

 The eflPective stroke of all cilia is toward the uterus. The Fallopian 

 tubes and the uterus are suspended by the broad ligament attached 

 to the dorsal abdominal wall. 



The delicate round ligament \ ^Acmome 



also aids in the suspension of Head ■! M Nucleus 



these structures. The body of 

 the uterus continues posteriorly 

 to form the vagina. From the 

 urinary bladder leads the female tliddlePiSce 

 urethra which ends in the cat at 

 the vestibule, about one-half inch 

 from the external opening of 

 the vagina, the vulva. On the 

 ventral surface, just posterior to 

 the opening of the urethra, ap- 

 pears the clitoris, which is the ji^uvPiece • 

 homologue of the penis of the 

 male. Bartholin's glands are 

 situated lateral to the vestibule 

 with ducts opening into it. The 

 vagina, uterus, and the Fallopian 

 tubes are all lined with mucous 

 membrane richly supplied with 

 glands. EndPiece 



Male. — The paired testes of 



the cat consist of numerous min- ^^^ ^^^^ Diagram of animal sperm 

 Ute coiled tubules, the seminifer- as in mammals. (After Wilson, The Cell. 

 OUS tubules, which in each testis Courtesy of The Macmillan Company.) 



Head 



Neck 



Connecting or 



— Envelope 



; Proxinval CentnoU(c9 



, '"dSmi CentHole i^ 



^ial rvlament 



Tall Envelope 



