218 



MARINE ANIMALS 



rufomaculata on Pocillopora favosa at a reef south of Dar-es-Salaam, 

 and Tr. guberrima on Madrepora haimei on the Uyanga reef. 81 



The number of species of fishes found in coral reefs is large. "The 

 coral reefs of the South Seas literally swarm with fishes. The larger 

 species live in the deeper channels and swim in and out, exhibiting 

 the most brilliant colors. The smaller species live on the surface of 

 the reef and remain in tide-pools at low tide. Many of these fishes have 



Fig. 48.— Reef fishes with similar patterns: a, Dascyllus aruanus, a poraa- 

 centrid; b, Chaetodon striatus, a butterfly fish; and c, Batistes aculeatus, a 

 trigger fish. 



a coloration like that of coral rocks, and remain in the protection of 

 the coral. Others exhibit so-called warning colorations, with blue, 

 scarlet, yellow and green sharply contrasted with their background." 82 

 Certain types of pattern and body form are repeated by genera of 

 distinct families, sometimes so strikingly that such fishes were formerly 

 classified in the same group; for example, the deep body form with 

 vertical black bands and long median fins extended backwards, as in 

 many butterfly fishes {Chaetodon, Fig. 486; Holacanthus, Fig. 496) 



