418 LAND ANIMALS 



and the rest follow in the same order. In Matabeleland, the elephant 

 shrew {Elephantulus rupestris) occurs mostly on granite, Nasilio 

 brachyrhynchus only on shale; 148 not a single species of lizard was 

 found which was common to these two formations; there are parallel 

 series of representative forms. These observations will deserve further 

 discussion only when a thorough analysis of living conditions is 

 available. 



Plan of treatment of terrestrial habitats. — The different life 

 regions of terrestrial animals may be grouped in the following manner: 

 forest; dry open land (grassland, steppe, desert) ; moist open lands 

 (swamps, bogs, tundra [in summer only], river banks, and seacoasts) ; 

 high mountain chains; polar areas; islands; caves; and cultivated 

 lands. 



These individual biochores are not sharply distinguished from one 

 another, and the animal communities which they harbor are not con- 

 fined to them exclusively. Still, there are characteristics common to 

 the inhabitants of each of these major habitats which differentiate 

 them from every other, so that these groups of biotopes may be treated 

 in separate chapters. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY 



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