INDEX 



569 



Echiniscus, 356 



Echinocardium, 182, 185, 195 



E. australe, 249 



E. cordatum, 183, 192 



Echinocardium-Filiformis, communit y, 



192 

 Echinocyamus, 268 

 Echinopteryx pulla, 493 

 E. silesiaca, 493 

 Echinorachnius, 185 

 Echinus, rate of development, 14 

 i£. militaris, 200 

 Echiurus, 196 

 tfcifon, 402, 431 

 Eckardt, 420 112 

 Ecological equivalence, 79 

 Ecological factors on land, 377 

 Ecological isolation, 74 

 Ecological valence, 123 



defined, 20 

 Ecological zoogeography, 7 



compared with historical, 10 

 Ectatomma, 109 

 Eelgrass, 180 

 Egger, 269* 

 Eggs, of fresh-water animals, 41 



larger size in cold waters, 158 

 Ehlers, 162 6 , 269 6 

 Ehrenbaum, 145 10 , 163 40 

 Eichler, 163 56 

 Eigenmann, 96 65 , 128, 376 6 , 419 71 , 



5378, 15, 19, 31, 35 



Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 134 23 

 Eisenia foetida, 123 

 Ekman, 134 5 , 279, 286 24 , 376 21 

 Elaphocaris dohrni, 228 

 Elephant, weight of, 50 

 Elephantulus rupestris, 418 

 Eleutherodactyhis, 500 

 breeding habits, 432 

 Ellis, 319 u 

 Elodea, 327 

 Emerson, 27 

 Emcda, 479 

 Empis, 396 

 Emys, 107 

 Enochrus, 373 



Endemic forms in mountains, 497 

 Enderlein, 514 4 



Engelhardt, 55 15 , 96 25 , 119 16 , 131, 134 31 , 



286 29 

 Engell, 10 1 

 English, 419 73 



Engraulis encrasicholus, 283 

 Enneapterus, 75 

 Entomobrya nivalis, 498, 507 

 Environment, adaptation to, 28 



effect of man on, 538 

 Environmental classification of animals, 



32 

 Environmental periodicities, 397 

 Environmental selection, 23, 497 



of aquatic life, 24 



of land animals, 27 

 Eocuma sarsii, 277 

 Epactophanes richardi, 357 

 Ephippia, 352 

 Ephydatia, 312 

 E.fluviatilis, 84, 310 

 Ephydra, 370, 373 



in Great Salt Lake, 11 

 E. macellaria, 371 

 Ephyra, 236 

 Epinephele, 143 

 Epilimnion, 324 

 Epistylis, 550 

 Equus hemionus, 450, 457 

 Eradication by man, 554 

 Erebia, 134 



Erebus odora, wide range, 66 

 Eremias, steppe lizard, 448 

 Ereminia, 466 

 Eretes sticticus, 85 

 Erethizon, 424 

 Ergasiloides, 346 

 Ericia, 69 

 E. elegans, 382 

 Ericulus, 409 



Ericcnemis glaucopaides, 125 

 Eristalis, 291, 299, 396 

 Eroding shores, 198 

 Erolia maritima, 510 

 Escherich, 420 m , 468 56 ' 60 

 Esterly, 269 9 

 Estheria, 351, 458 

 Estrilda, 410 

 E. astrild, 391 

 Estuaries, 196 

 Ethusa, 268 



