INDEX 



577 



Lake Nemi, Daphnia cucullata intro- 

 duced in, 9 

 Lake Ngami, 85 

 Lake Ochrida, 87, 345, 347 

 Lake Posso, 86 

 Lake Superior, 343 

 Lake Tanganyika, 84, 346, 348 

 Lake Towoeti, 86 

 Lakes, aging of, 349 



ancient, 345 



animal communities in, 326 



classification of, 325 



in New Caledonia, dwarfed fauna, 27 



life of, 86 



senescence, 349 



size of, 289 



types of, 343 

 Laminaria, 201, 210 

 Lampert, 441 4 , 537 6 , 556 7 

 Lamprina, 109 

 Lamprotintinus, 275 

 Land connections, 105, 111 



critique of, 106, 110 

 Land snails, 46 



of the Arctic, 509 

 Langhans, 358 82 

 Languier des Bancels, 514 15 

 Lanzia, 125 

 Laomedea, 246 

 Lapique, 391, 419 51 - 74 

 La Plata as a barrier, 62 

 Lartetia, 91, 374, 527, 533, 536, 537 

 L. acicula, 92 

 L. pellucida, 92 

 L. photophila, 92 

 L. putei, 92 



Larus dominicanus, 787 

 L. hyperboreus, 481, 483 

 L. leucopterus, 483 

 Lasca rubra, 287 

 Lates calcarifer, 37 

 Latreutes ensiferus, 245 

 Laubmann, 419 32 

 Laurens, 17 

 Laut, 442 54 

 Lauterborn, 85, 357 4 

 Lavigeria diademata, 85 

 Leander, 37 

 L. tenuicornis, 245 

 Leathes and Raper, 13, 22 



Lebedinsky and Menzel, 71 18 



Lebertia rufipes, 364 



Leche, 96 16 , 526* 



Leda minuta, 193, 194 



L. pernula, 193, 194 



Leefmans, 419 78 



Lehmann, 418 3 , 419", 420 131 - 14S 



Leiolopisma, 501 



Lemmings, 511 



Lendenfeld, 96« 



Leopold, 556 9 



Lepas, 60 



absence of local races, 76 

 Lepidocyrtus, 531 

 Lepidoptera, arctic, 508 



of the alpine zone, 499 

 Lepidosiren, 114, 354 

 Lepidurus, 361, 362 

 Lepisma, 546 

 Leptocephalus, 33, 225 

 L. brevirostris, 282 

 Leploconchus, 216, 217 

 Leptoderes, 530 

 Leptodiscus, 227 

 Lepus americanus, 140, 390, 415 

 L. arcticus, 390, 513 

 L. campestris, 390 

 L. europaeus, 93, 389, 510 

 L. timidus, 93, 102, 387, 389, 507, 513 

 L. varronis, 389 



Le Souef and Burrell, 441 7 , 468 1S 

 Leucichthys, variation in, 84 

 L. hoyi, 343 

 L. reighardi, 343 

 Leuciscus, 306 

 L. erythrophthalmus, 305 

 L. leuciscus, 305 

 L. thermalis, 375 

 Levander, 358 77 , 376 22 

 Levantina, 129 

 Leydig, 72 67 , 418" 514 12 

 Libellula depressa, 354 

 Liebig, law of the minimum, 21 

 Lie-Pettersen, 357 15 ' 36 

 Life zones, 16 



in mountains, 494 

 Light, an environmental factor, 16 



effect on land animals, 395 



in the sea, 160 

 Light organs of abyssal animals, 257 



