INDEX 



.-)!):; 



Struthio, 400 



Studer, 134 39 , 526 21 



Stuhlmann, 442 32 



Sturany, 287 45 



Sturmis vulgaris, 396 



Stuxberg, 192, 221 13 



Shjgicola, 535 



Stygodytes, 534 



S. balcanicus, 528 



Stylocheiron mastigophorum, 259 



Suberites domuncula, 197 



Sublittoral, 178 



Subsoil brought to surface by burrowers, 



448 

 Subspecies, important, 3 

 Substratum, importance to land animals, 



412 

 Subterranean animal life, 527 

 Subxeric regions, 451 

 Succinea, 378, 470 

 S. pfeifferi, 380 

 Sucking disks, in forest animals, 424 



in swift water animals, 314, 315 

 Suess, 110, 119 3 « 

 Suez Canal, 80 

 Sula, 406 

 S. bassayia, 483 

 Sumatra, amphibian and reptile fauna, 



132 

 Sumner, 419 41 

 Superior, Lake, 343 

 Superiority of Eurasian forms, 116 

 Supratidal spray zone, 179 

 Surbeck, 134", 319 22 

 Surf, force, 152, 202 

 Suworow, 376 39 

 Swamps, 474 

 Swarm aggregations, 239 

 Swimmers, 233, 473 

 Swimming by undulation, 232 

 Swynnerton, 442 43 

 Symbiotic algae, 215 

 Symbranchus, 354 

 Synallaxis, 79 

 Synapta, 182, 185 

 Synaptura zebra, 219 

 Syngnathus, 37, 181 

 Syrichlhys, 508 

 Syrnolepsis, 348 

 Syrrhaptes, 467 



Taeniopygia castanotis, 455 



Tagelus gibbus, 167 

 Taliev and Bazikalova, 358 53 

 Talitrus locusta, 196 

 T. platycheles, 524 

 Tamias, 410 



Tanganyika. Lake, 84, 346, 348 

 Tanganyika snails, 85 

 Tanymastix lacunae, 352 

 Tanylarsus, 344 

 Tapes, 185 

 T. aureus, 190 

 Tardigrada, 355 

 | Tarsius, 414, 424, 426 

 Tasmania, 90, 98 



Taylor, 97 79 , 112, 119 10 , 120 44 , 134 12 , 556" 

 Taxoptera gramineum, 540 

 Tectum fluminalis, 36 

 Teeth, importance of calcium, 416 

 Tegenaria derhauni, 128 

 Telescopic eyes, 260, 261 

 Tellina, 185, 195 

 Telphusa fluviatilis, 375 

 T. perlata, 296 

 Ternora longicornis, 167, 286 

 Temperate deciduous forests, 436 

 Temperate lakes, 425 

 Temperature, 292 



an environmental factor, 13 



fluctuations in open country, 445 



for land animals, 381 



in alpine zones, 492 



in caves, 535 



limits for life, 14 

 Temperature relations, in inland waters, 

 322 



in the ocean, 155 



on land, 392 

 Temperature variation with depth of the 



ocean, 156 

 Temporary pools, 351 

 Tenebrio, 48 

 T. molitor, 12 



rate of development, 15 

 Tennent, 358 88 , 442 34 

 Teratoscincus, 466 

 Terebella, 196 

 Terebellides stroemi, H'2 

 Terebratulina septenlrionalis, 59 

 Teredo, 200 



