OCEANOGRAPHY 



419 



200, 250, 300, 400, 500, 750, and 1,000 metres (27, 5 '4, 13 6, 

 27-2, 54 5, 81 7, 109, 136-2, 163-5, 218, 272*5, and 545 fathoms). 

 At one or two of the stations observations were also taken at 

 1,500 and 2,000 metres (8175 and 1,090 fathoms). 



The investigations were thus carried out from about the middle 

 of July to the middle of August, in that part of the southern 

 winter which corresponds to the period between the middle of 



Fig. 6. — Currents in the South Atlantic 

 (June- August, 1911).- 



December and the middle of February in the northern hemisphere. 

 We must first see what the conditions were on the surface in those 

 regions in the middle of the winter of 1911. 



It must be remembered that the currents on the two sides of the 

 ocean flow in opposite directions. Along the coast of Africa we 

 have the Benguela Current, flowing from south to north; on the 

 American side the Brazil Current flows from the tropics south- 



