APPENDIX. 



By David Starr Jordan and George Archibald Clark. 



As stated in the prefatory note to this volume, the present writers 

 have been asked by the Secretary of the Treasury to prepare a brief 

 appendix in which such errors of fact or opinion as appear in the fore- 

 going text maybe noted and corrected in the light of the detailed investi- 

 gations of the fur-seal question and related subjects undertaken in 1896 

 and 1897. 



In the following notes, prepared in response to this request, reference 

 is made in each case to the" author of the article in question, the year 

 in which it was written, and the page on which it is printed. 



W. A. Howard, 1868 : Page 3, 



It is not true that the sea otter and the fur seal have been driven by 

 man northward from California to the Arctic regions, or that they are in 

 danger of perishing there from cold because "nature intended them 

 for a warmer climate." 



The habits of the' fur seal and sea otter, totally different one from 

 another, were not distinguished by early writers, and traces of this 

 confusion still persist. The fur seal pursues its migrations with the 

 regularity of clockwork, returning to its haunts in utter indifference to 

 man and his actions, and has undergone no appreciable changes in 

 location or habit since it was first known. 



The sea otter, shyest of shy animals, flees from contact with man 

 and wanders from place to place, abandoning every rookery where man 

 has left his traces, and at the present day in Alaska it seldom visits 

 the land for any piirpose, breeding in the sea. 



Hiram Ketchum, 1868: Page 4. 



It is not true that the first males who land reconnoiter the coast and 

 return to communicate with other males and then with the main host. 

 The fur seals, male and female, come individually, not in a body, and 

 each one arriving remains till the force of hunger or other personal 

 instincts draws him back to the sea. 



It is not true that " loud noises, the appearance of blood, or the 

 active signs of habitation deter the seal from settling upon the coast." 

 These matters affect the sea otter, but not the fur seal, who is stolidly 

 indifferent to everything except moving objects. 



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