Fooa 



Digested 



Food :• '^'-l 



:J Vacuole )S'iS}'''') 



, / T .-i-y Enzymes V-- J" ^i) 



FORMATION OF A FOOD VACUOLE IN AN AMEBA 



Food •^.M-Jir\^az\e 

 M. Mouth 



Entoderm 



Enzymes Secreted 

 Food Absorbed 



Food 

 Wostes 



Ectoderm 

 Mesoderm 

 Entoderm 



Enzymei 

 Stomocti 



Absorbed Food 

 Food Particles 



HYDRA 



FLATWORM 



Food Ptiorynx 



Crop 



Intestine 



Absorbed Food 



Moutti Esoptiogus Gizzard Enzymes 



EARTHWORM 



Anus 



Esophagus Sfomoch Inhestine YC\o<ica 



SALAMANDER 



Figure 5.1. The digestive systems of anieba, hydra, flatworm, earthworm and a ver- 

 tebrate (salamander). (Partly from Villee: Biology.) 



release energy or to provide for the maintenance and growth of the 

 animal. The paramecium and other ciliates have a permanent oral 

 groove which is lined by cilia. The beating of the cilia passes food 

 particles to a cell mouth where they are collected into food vacuoles. 

 The canals of sponges are lined by collar cells, which capture and ingest 

 microscopic food particles in food vacuoles. In sponges and protozoa, 

 digestion is intracellidar, occurring in food vacuoles within the cyto- 

 plasm of the cell. 



