APPENDIX 841 



r,A« 7 AVES The birds; warm-blooded tetrapods covered with ^athers^ 

 t SuBcLsf 1 AKCHAEOKMTHES. Ancestral birds with a long senes of caudal 

 vertebrae. Archaeopteryx. 

 SUBCASS 2. NEORMTHEs. Bhds wuh a reduced number of -"^^alj-^;^- 

 ^Superorder 1. Odontognathae. Cretaceous birds, some, at least, retain 

 ing teeth. Hesperornis, Ichthyorms. 

 Superorder 2. Palaeognathae. Modern birds with a primitive palate. 

 Most are flightless. The ostrich, Struthio; cassowaries. Casuarius, 



kiwi, Abteiyx. . .. . 



Superorder 3 Neognathae. Modern birds with a more specialized 



OrderrSpheniscifor.es. Penguins. The emperor penguin. Apterro- 



dytes. . 



Order 2. Gaviiformes. Loons. The common loon. Gavm. 

 Order 3 Colymbiformes. Grebes. Eared grebe. Colymbns. 

 oZ A. Proce..oriifor.es. Albatrosses, shearwaters, fulmars, petrels. 



tropic birds. The petrel, Oceanodroma. 

 Order 5 Peleconifor.es. Pelicans, gannets. cormorants, water-turkey. 



man-o'-war bird. The pelican, Pelecanus. 

 Order 6. Ciconiiformes. Herons, bitterns, storks, ibises, flamingos. Great 



blue heron, Ardea. 



, , ., niicks eeese and swans. The mallard. Anas, 



Order 7. Anseriformes. UUCKS, gecsc 



white-fronted goose. Auser. r-^^r.^r\ 



Order 8. Foiconiformes. Vultures, kites, hawks, falcons, eagles. Coopers 



hawk, Accipiter; duck hawk, Falco. 

 Order 9. Gollifor.es. Grouse, quails, partridges, pheasants, turkeys, 



chickens. The chicken. Callus. 

 Order 10. Groiformes. Cranes, rails, gallinules, coot,. The whooping 



crane, Grits. , _, 



t Order 11. Dio.rymifor.es. Large flightless birds of the early Cenozoic. 



Diatryma. , . .»:i,e 



Order 12 Chorodriifor.es. Plovers, woodcock, snipe, -^dpipe^ salt , 

 phalaropes, gulls, terns, skimmers, auks, puffins. The killdeer, 



Charadrius. , . . ^^^ 



Order 13. Columbiformes. Pigeons and doves. The domestic pigeon, 



Columba. 

 rs A ^A Pcittaciformes Parrots. Carolina parakeet, Conurus. 

 oZ \t c"::;!::;. cuckoos, .oad.ru„ners The cucUoo. CuCus. 



°-' .6. S...i.o™... °^'^:^^^ °I pprrwiUs. The .hip- 

 Order 17. Coprimulgiformes. .MgntnawKS, wi.ipp 



noorwill, Caprimulgus. 

 oJ, ^S. «i;™p;.Ho,.l Swifs and hummmgWrds. The Cheney 



swift, Chaetura. 

 r>.^or 19 Coliiformes The colies of Africa. 



or O". Tro oTorLs. Trogons. The coppery-tailed trogon, Trogon. 



Order 21. Corociifor.es. Kingfishers. The belted kingfisher. Mega- 



Ord^?/' Picifor.es. Woodpeckers and toucans. The Aic^er. Co|.p.e. 



Order 23 Posserifor.es. The perching and song birds. The largest 

 "rder of birds, it includes the flycatchers, larks, swallows, crows, 

 lays, chickadees, nuthatches, creepers, wrens, dippers, thrashers, 

 thrushes, robins, bluebirds, kinglets, pipits, waxwings. shrikes, 

 starlings, vireos, wood warblers, weaver finches, blackbirds, orioles, 

 tanagers, finches, sparrows, etc. The English sparrow, Passer. 



