332 APPENDIX 



PHYLUM 1. PROTOZOA. Ihc protozoans. Unicellular animal-s, sometimes colonial. 



CLASS 1. FLAGELLATA (or MASTIGOPHORA). Flagellates. With one to many 

 flagella as locomotor organelles. 15 to 25 orders, including: 



Order 1. Dinoflagellata. One transverse and one longitudinal flagel- 

 luin. 



Order 2. Euglenida. Two flagella arise in a gullet. Euglena, PeraJiema. 



Order 3. Phytomonadina (or Volvacoles). Chlamydomonas, Volvox, etc. 



Order 4. Choonoflagellota. Sphneroeca, Codosiga, etc. 



Order 5. Trypanosomida. Trypanosoma, Leishmania. 



Order 6. Disfomata. Two nuclei. Giardia. 



Order 7. Trichomonodino. Trichomonas. 

 CLASS 2. SARCODINA. Rhi/opods. With pseudopodia for locomotion. 



Order 1. Amoebozoa. Di[jlugia, Endamoeba, and other amebas. 



Order 2. Foraminifero. Globigerina, nummulites, etc. 



Order 3. Heliozoa. No skeleton, many radiating pseudopods. 



Order 4. Rodiolaria. Many radiating pseudopods and internal skeleton. 

 CLASS 3. CI LI ATA. The ciliates. With cilia as locomotor organelles. 



Order 1. Holotrlcha. Paramecium, Tetrahymena, Balantidium. 



Order 2. Spirotricho. Hypotrichs, etc. 



Order 3. Peritricha. Vorticella, etc. 

 CLASS 4. SUCTORIA. Cilia in young, adults with tentacles. One order. 

 CLASS 5. SPOROZOA. Parasitic. Reproduction by multiple fission. Eight or 

 ten orders, including: 



Order 1. Gregorinida. Gregarines, invertebrate hosts only. 



Order 2. Coccidia. All kinds of hosts, produce coccidiosis. 



Order 3. Haerriosporidla. Vertebrate hosts. Plasmodixim. 



PHYLUM 2. MESOZOA. Parasitic. A single layer of outer cells surrounds a few repro- 

 ductive cells. Two orders. Uncertain whether they arose from the 

 Protozoa or by simplification from the Platyhelminthes. 



PHYLUM 3. PORIFERA. Sponges. Body with many small incurrent pores and a few large 



excurrent openings connected by chambers lined with choanocytes. 



CLASS 1. CALCAREA. Calcareous spicules with 1, 3 or 4 rays. Two orders. 



Ascon, Sycon, Leuconia, etc. 

 CLASS 2. HEXACTINELLIDA. Glass sponges. Siliceous spicules with 6 rays often 



united in networks. Two orders. Euplectella. 

 CLASS 3. DEMOSPONGIA. Skeleton various, not as above. 

 Subclass 1. Tetractinellida. No spongin, siliceous spicules 4-rayed. Three 



orders. 

 Subclass 2. Monaxonida. Siliceous spicules 1 -rayed, spongin sometimes pre- 

 sent. Four orders. Includes fresh-water sponges, Spongillidae. 

 Subclass 3. Keratosa. Spongin only, no spicules. One order. Includes the 

 bath sponges, Spongiidae. 



PHYLUM 4. CTENOPHORA. Comb jellies. Radiata with eight rows of ciliary combs and 



colloblasts. 

 CLASS 1. TENTACULATA. W'ith one pair of branched tentacles. Four orders. 



Pleurobrachia, Mnemiopsis, Coeloplana. 

 CLASS 2. NUDA. No tentacles. One order. 



