836 APPENDIX 



Order 4. Phrynichida. Pedipalps large but not chelate, opisthosoma 



rounded. 

 Order 5. Araneae. Spiders. Poison sting in chelicerae. Argiope. 

 Order 6. Ricinulei. Rare tropical spider-like forms. 

 Order 7. Solifugae. Chelicerae short but very stout, pedipalps leglike. 

 Sobphylum 3. Crustacea. Antennae on second and third segments. One class. If 

 another class is included (see doubtful groups at the end of this 

 phylum) the class of Crustacea would be defined further as having 

 mandibles on the fourth segment. 

 SuBCL.\ss 1. Branchiopoda. Thoracic limbs leaf like, respiratory. 

 Order 1. Anostraca. Brine shrimps and fairy shrimps. 

 Order 2. Notosfroca. Tadpole shrimps, Apus. 

 Order 3. Conchostraca. Clam shrimps. 

 Order 4. Cladocera. Water fleas. Daphnia. 

 Subclass 2. Ostracoda. Body without segmentation and entirely enclosed 

 in a bivalved carapace. Five orders, including: 

 Order 1. Podocopa. Includes most of the fresh-water species. 

 Order 2. Myodocopo. Includes several common marine species. 

 Subclass 3. Cirripedia. Sedentary, compound eyes lacking, carapace forms 

 a mantle covering body and often secreting a shell. 

 Order 1. Thorocica. Acorn and gooseneck barnacles. 

 Order 2. Acrothoracica. Barnacles commensal on mollusc shells. 

 Order 3. Ascothoracica. Parasites of corals with enlarged mantle. 

 Order 4. Apoda. Parasites of barnacles, mantle and limbs lacking. 

 Order 5. Rhizocephalo. Parasites of crabs, shrimps, etc., largely in- 

 ternal. 

 Subclass 4. Copepoda. Small, one pair of maxillipeds, no abdominal ap- 

 pendages. 

 Order 1. Bronchiura. Fish lice. Ectoparasites, with compound eyes. 

 Order 2. Eucopepodo. No compound eyes. The copepods. 

 Subclass 5. Cephalocarida. Small, intermediate between the Copepoda and 



Malacostraca, possibly ancestral to both. One order. 

 Subclass 6. MYSTAcocARmA. Similar to copepods but with different seg- 

 mentation. By broadening the definition of subclass 4, subclasses 

 5 and 6 can be included as orders equal in rank to the fish lice 

 and true copepods. 

 Subclass 7. Malacostraca, the large crustaceans. Thorax of 8 segments. 



Superorder 1. Leptostraca. Abdomen of 8 segments including telson 



(all others have seven). One order. Nebalia. 

 Superorder 2. Peracarida. Incomplete carapace, abdomen narrow. 

 Order 1. Mysidacea. Mysid shrimps. Short carapace present. 

 Order 2. Cumocea. Mud-inhabiting relatives of the mysids. 

 Order 3. Amphipoda. No carapace. Beach fleas, scuds. 

 Order 4. Isopoda. No carapace. Cribbles, sowbugs, pillbugs. 

 Superorder 3. Hoplocarida. Short carapace, abdomen wider than cepha- 



lothorax. One order. The mantis shrimps. 

 Superorder 4. Eucarida. Carapace covers entire thorax. 

 Order 1. Euphausiacea. Krill. 



Order 2. Decopoda. Shrimps, lobsters, crabs, crayfish (Cainbarus, 

 Astacus). 

 Subphylum 4. Labiata. Antennae on second segment, nothing on third, mandibles on 

 fourth. Second maxillae form lower lip. 

 SUPERCLASS 1. MYRL\PODA. Adults with more than three pairs of legs. 

 CLASS 1. CHILOPODA. Centipedes. First legs are poison fangs. Five orders. 



