242 SUB-CLASS (and order) teleostei. 



Pac. ; Helicolenus ; Scorpaena Art., scorpion-fishes, no air-bladder ; 

 Pontinus, Glyptauchen, Lioscorpius, Setarches, Pterois, Apistus, Agriopits, 

 Synanceia, the dorsal spines possess poison glands and inflict serious 

 wovinds ; Micropua, Chorismodactylus, Taenianotus, Centropogon, Penta- 

 roge, Tetraroge, Prosopodasys, Aphactis, Trichopleura, Hemitripterus, 

 Minous, Pelor. 



Fam. 107. Heterolepidotidae (Hexagrammidae). Small shore fishes 

 of the N. Pac. ; the posterior nostril reduced to a minute pore. Chirus 

 Steller, with several lateral lines ; Ophiodon Gir., cultus cod, an important 

 food fish on the Pacific coast of N. Amer. ; Agrammus, Pleuro- 

 grammus, Hexagr amnios, Zaniolepis, Oxylebius, Anoplopoma and Erilepis 

 with normal nostrils. 



Fam. 108. Cottidae. Body oblong or subcylindrical ; teeth villiform 

 in bands ; gills 3i to 4 ; 5th slit small or obsolete ; body naked or vari- 

 ously armed with scales, prickles or bony pSates ; two dorsal fins (rarely 

 one), the spinous being less developed than the soft and than the anal ; 

 pseudobranch present ; air-bladder usually absent. Small fishes, mostly 

 of rock pools and shores of northern regions, some foiuid in f.w. ; 

 of no value as food. Cottus Art., bull-heads and miller's thumbs, small 

 fishes from the shores and f.ws. of N. temp, zone ; C. gobio 

 L., common miller's thumb, f.w. ; C. scorpius and C. bubalis, 

 etc., common Eur. marine species ; Cantridermichihys, Icelus, 

 Platycephalus, Hoplichthys, Bembras, Bunocottus, Rhamphocottus, 

 Triglops, Podabrus, Blepsias, Nautichthys, Scorpaenichthys, Hemilepi- 

 dotus, Artedius, Ptyonotus, Polycaulus Jordania, Paricelinus, Alcidea, 

 Chitonotus, Tarandichthys, Icdinus, Astrolytes, Archistes, Axyrias, Arte- 

 diellus, Ruscarius, Rastrimis, Radulinus, Prionistius, Elanura Melletes. 

 Enophrys, Uranidea, Myoxocephalus, Megalocottus, Zesticelus, Oymno- 

 canthus, Nautiscus, Ulca, Psychrolutes. 



Fam. 109. Cyclopteridae (Discoboli). Lump-suckers. Short and 

 thick with a smooth, tubercular or spiny skin ; branchiostegals 6 ; gills 

 3^ ; 2 dorsal fins ; pelvics thoracic, small, forming the bony centre of a 

 sucking disc, by which they attach themselves to stones, etc. ; air-bladder 

 absent ; northern seas. Cyclopterus Art., C. lumpus L. lump-sucker, 

 cock-and-hen-paddle, skin with tubercles ; Eumicrotremus, Lethotremus, 

 Liparops ; Liparis Art. ; L. vulgaris Flem., sea-snail ; L. montagui Cuv., 

 diminutive kunp-sucker ; Neoliparis, Bathyphasma, Careproctiis, Gyrin- 

 ichthys, Amitra, Paraliparis, Rhinoliparis. 



Fam. 110. Agonidae. Fishes of the cold seas, living among rocks or 

 kelp ; most of small size and fantastic form, not valuable as food ; with 

 8 to 12 longitudinal rows of imbricated radially striated plates, 

 Percis Scop. (Hippocephalus Swains.), Agonomalus, Hypsagonus, Stel- 

 terina, Occa, Brachyopsis (Siphagonits), Pallasina, Leptogonus, Podothecus, 

 Agonus B. Schn., A. cataphracius L., sea poacher ; Stelgis, Agonopsia, 

 Averruncus, Sarritor, Xysfes, Bathyagonus, Xenochirus, Odontopyxis, 

 Bothragonus, Aspidophoroides. 



Fam. 111. Triglidae. Gurnards. Elongate, more or less fusiform, 

 covered with scales or bony plates ; gills 4, a large slit behind the 4th ; 

 pseudobranch and air-bladder present ; latter said to have an open pneu- 

 matic duct (Giinther) ; post-temporal forms an integral part of the cra- 

 nium ; pectoral large with broad base ; 3 lower rays detached and used 

 as feelers ; all warm seas ; grunt when taken out of water, caused either 

 by escape of air through open pneumatic duct, or by compression of air 



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