DmosAURiA. 385 



Anchisaurtia Marsh (Fig. 210), small forms with bird-like skull, Trias, 

 Connecticut ; and other allied genera from the U.S. Zanclodon Plien., 

 Keuper, Wiirtemburg, and several alhed genera from France, England, 

 India and S. Africa. Ceratosaunis Marsh, 17 feet, skull larger than vsual, 

 nasal bones with a median projection, which may have supported a horn, 

 U. ^ura, Colorado, and other genera. Megalosaurus Buckland, the largest 

 Theropod, Lias to Wealden, Europe and N. America. AUosaurus Marsh. 

 Compsognathus Wagner, vertebrae and Umb bones hollow ; the cervical 

 vertebrae are elongated ; the skuU is bird-like ; tail long ; small anterior, 

 long posterior limbs ; manus and pes with 3 functional digits, digits 1 and 5 

 reduced ; femur shorter than tibia ; pelvis not avine, with pubic and 

 ischiadic symphysis ; pubis directed forwards ; hind-limb very avine ; 

 astragalus with ascending process ; one specimen only known, from the 

 Solenhofen slates. Hallopus Marsh, very similar to preceding, manus with 

 4 digits, pes with 3, calcaneum with a heel process, astragalus without 

 ascending process, U. Jura, Colorado. Coelurus Marsh, skull vinknown, 

 all bones hollow, U. Jura, England and N. America. 



Order 2. Sauropoda. 

 Herbivorous, quadrupedal, plantigrade Dinosaurs with five hoofed 



Fig. 21\.—Bronlosartnu excdtvu x ^fo (from Woodward, after Marsh). 



digits on each limb. The teeth are spatulat^e with anterior and posterior 

 cutting edges. The cranivun is completely, ossified and there is a large 

 preorbital vacuity. The anterior vertebrae are much hollowed out 

 laterally. Limbs nearly equal in size. The neural canal in the sacrum is 

 expanded to two or three times the size of the brain cavity. The bones 

 of the pelvis are distinct and the acetabulmn is perforated. The pubes 

 project ventralwards and meet in a cartilaginous symphysis ; there is no 

 postpubis ; the femur is without a prominent inner (fourth) trochanter ; 

 distal row of carpals and tarsals imossified ; astragalus without ascending 

 process. Some of them are of enormous size, and they are remarkable 

 for the relatively minute size of the skuU ; Atlantoaaurua estimated to 

 have attained a length of 115 feet. The skull is in most of them imper- 

 fectly known. Their remains are known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous, 

 Getiosaurus Owen, skull vmknown, M. Jura, England. Atlantosaurua 

 Marsh, probably the largest land animal known, to 115 feet, U. Jura, 

 Wyoming, Colorado. Morosaurus Marsh, U. Jura, Wyoming. Bronto- 

 saurus Marsh (Fig. 211), to 60 feet, very small skull and minute cranial 

 cavity, U. Jura, Wyoming, Colorado. Diplodocus Marsh, teeth slender 

 and cylindrical, continued to the anterior end of the jaws ; the external 

 narial opening is single and is placed at the apex of the skull, the nasals 



Z.—II. ° 



