122 



THE VERTEBRATE ANIMAL: IRRITABILITY 



of buying, selling, financing, crediting, personnel, etc. In each 

 of these departments, adjustments that concern it alone are con- 

 stantly being made. If one makes a cash-and-carrj^ purchase in a 

 large department store, the process can be compared to a simple 

 reflex action. The clerk making the sale has the package wrapped, 

 obtains the change, and returns these to the purchaser. No other 

 part of the sales department is concerned. If, however, the buyer 

 wishes to shop in several parts of the store and pay when the 

 list of purchases is complete, the floor managers concerned must 



Fig. 66. — A. Undeveloped adjuster neurones in the optic lobe of a dog, the 

 eyelids of which had been sewed together immediately after birth. B. Fully 

 developed adjustor neurones in the same region of a normal dog of the same age. 



(From Verworn, "Irritability," copyright, 1913, by Yale University Press, reprinted 

 by permission.) 



approve the transactions, and payment is finally made in a special 

 part of the sales department. Such a situation can be compared 

 to a series of reflexes adjusted by the spinal cord. The several 

 departments are not independent of one another. Let us suppose 

 that clerks in a certain sales division report to the floor manager 

 that customers are inquiring for some product that is not in stock. 

 The floor manager may relay this information through certain 

 intermediate officials to the sales manager of the estabhshment. 

 The sales manager may consult with the purchasing manager, who 

 will be aware of the source of supply of the desired material and will 



