536 



THE THEORY OF EVOLUTION 



On the American continent there were great apes in PKocene 

 times, but later these became extinct. The American Indians are 





\y._ .... 



o o £ 3 o Ce^o i-' o o 



° 9 « - o o o o o V? o~ 



'* O •» O -N O •' O " 0| 



•« O •< o •• o •« o 



'« O " O ■' O " o " 

 O •< O " o •> O " o 



WW wftrw 



Fig. 293.— Cliff and beach at Cromer, England, showing the deposit called 

 the "crag" in which primitive flint implements (f/. Fig. 294 B) are found. 



The age of the crag deposit is regarded by some geologists as Pliocene or late Tertiary 

 (f/. Fig. 285). No skeletal remains of the man-like beings who made the implements 

 have yet been found in this deposit. (After Moir, Natural History, Vol. XXIV, courtesy 

 American Museum of Natural History.) 



usually believed to have reached this continent perhaps 10,000 

 years ago, by migration across Bering Strait from Asia. There is, 



however, one instance, at 

 Attica, New York, of 

 pottery fragments in un- 

 disturbed clay beneath 

 the skeleton of a long- 

 extinct mastodon {Mas- 

 todon americanus). In 

 Logan Count}^, Kansas, 

 an arrow-head was found 

 beneath the shoulder of 

 an extinct bison (Bison 

 ajitiquus), as though it 

 had been embedded in 

 the flesh when the ani- 

 mal died. In like man- 

 ner, near the town of Colorado, Texas, three large arrow- 

 heads of markedly different type from those of recent origin 



Fig. 294. — Primitive types of flint implements. 



A, an eolith or dawn-stone from Kent, England; 

 B, an early paleolith or old-stone-age implement of 

 Chellean type from the crag deposit {cf. Fig. 293). 

 (After Moir, loc. cit.) 



