\ 



Fig. 196.— a study in ecologj^: the life cycle and relationships to other species 

 of the true army-worm, Cirpfns unipunctn, one of the Order Lepidoptera 



(cf. Fig. 305, p. 550). 



a, parent or adult moth; b, full-grown larva; c, eggs; d, pupa in soil; e, parasitic fly, 

 Winthemia quadripustulata, laying its eggs on an army-worm; /, a ground beetle, Calosoma 

 calidum, preying upon an army-worm, and, at right, Calosoma larva emerging from burrow; 

 0, a digger wasp, Sphex sp., carrying an army-worm to its burrow; h, Enicospihts purgatus, 

 a wasp-like parasite of the army-worm. All about natural size. (From Farmers' Bulletin. 

 No. 731, U. S. Dept. Agr.) 



382 



