INDEX 



703 



Finger sponge, 93, 101 

 Fire salamander, 401 

 Firebrat, 229 

 Firefly, 248, 264 

 Fireworms, 195 

 Fish, 578-395 



ancient lineage, 389, 390 



circulatory system, 383 



color, 388, 389 



deep-sea, 392 



development, 385 



digestive system, 381 



economic importance, 393 



embryology, 386 



excretory system, 384 



external features, 378, 385 



fins, 386 



fossil, 392 



locomotor organs, 380 



muscular system, 381 



nervous system, 384 



relations to man, 392 



reproductive system, 385 



respiratory system, 383 



scales, 388 



sense organ, 384 



skeleton, 380, 381 



sound production, 389 



tail, 386, 387 



winterkill, 384 

 Fishing frog, 391 

 Fission, 79 

 Fissure, 354 

 Fissurella, 301 

 Flagellated, chamber, 95, 96 



collar cells, 96 

 Flagellates, 42-49 

 Flagellum, 42, 43, 108 

 Flamecell, 135, 136, 164 

 Flamingo, 451,452, 461 

 Flatfishes, 395 

 Flat-headed borers, 259 

 Flatworms, 133-148, 135, 174, 



607 

 Flea, 215,229,260 

 Flesh, 505 

 flies, 265 

 Flexor carpi ulnaris, 467 

 muscle, 202 

 of hand, 506 

 Flicker, 462 

 Flies, 260 



Flight, birds, 435, 447 

 Flightless birds, 450 

 Floating ribs, 502 

 Florida manatee, 487 

 Floscularia, 166 

 Flounder, 389, 395 

 Flower flies, 265 

 Flukes, 139-142 



{see Liver fluke) 

 Flycatchers, 462 

 Flying, fish, 379, 390 



Flying (Cont.) : 

 lemur, 464, 495 

 lizard, 450 

 mammals, 483, 495 

 Foliaceous appendage, 201 

 Folic acid vitamin, 523 

 Food, 95, 509 

 ball, 186 

 capture, 512 

 chain, 634 

 channel, 247 



distribution of digested, 531 

 feeding organ, 186 

 ingestion, 51 3 

 selection, 513 

 transportation, 87, 509 

 utilization, 541, 542 

 vacuole, 35, 55, 58, 107, 108 

 web, 647 

 Foot, clam, 284, 286 

 Hydrd, 112 

 mollusk, 283 



posture, mammal, 475, 476 

 Rotifera, 164 

 Foramen magnum, 344 



Monro, 351 

 Foraminfera, 39, 76 

 Forebrain, 357 

 Foregut, 235 

 Forelimbs, 327, 346 

 Forest community, 647 

 Forewing, 245 

 Forficula, 264 

 Formicidae, 265 

 Fossil animals, 61 5, 617 

 birds, 456, 617 

 fish, 392 

 mammals, 491 

 reptiles, 407, 426 

 Four-compartment stomach, 488 

 Four-footed butterflies, 265 

 Fowl, white splashed, 588 

 Fowl-like birds, 461 

 Fox, 486 



Fraternal twins, 596 

 Free-living roundworms, 153 

 Freshwater, animals, 5 

 clams, 296, 299 

 communities, 644 

 flatworms, 1 34-1 38 

 habitats, 631 

 hydrozoa, 103 

 pond ecosystem, 635 

 sponge, 93, 99 

 Frilled sharks, 376 

 Fringillidae, 462 

 Frog, 317, 325,326-359,607 

 behavior, 355 

 blood cells, 335 

 body covering, 327, 328 

 brain, 351, 354 

 breeding habits, 399 



Frog {Cont.) : 



circulatory system, 335-337, 

 338 



color, 398 



development, 357 



digestive system, 331 



endocrine glands, 355 



excretory system, 339 



external anatomy, 327 



farming, 403 



girdle, 345 



hibernation, 399 



internal anatomy, 329, 330, 331 



intestine, histology, 331, 332, 

 607 



life cycle, 356, 358 



muscular system, 346-350 



nervous system, 350-354 



poisonous, 400 



reflex arc, 352 



regeneration, 399 



reproductive system, 340 



respiratory system, 333, 334 



sense organs, 354 



skeletal svstem, 343-346 



skin, 328', 398 



tree frogs, 402 



true frogs, 402 



urogenital system, 342 

 Froghopper, 229 

 Frons, 230, 232 

 Frontal, 500, 502, 507 



lobe, 546 

 Frontoparietal bone, 343, 344, 



345 

 Fructose, 519 

 Fruit fly, 265 

 Fulmars, 461 



Functional areas of brain, 547 

 Fundic glands, 517 

 Funnel, nautilus, 296 



squid, 293, 294 

 Fur-bearing animals, 493 

 Fur, seal, 480, 486 

 Furcula, 436 



Fusiform shape, 443, 444 

 Fusion nucleus, 1 1 5 



Gaboon viper, 407 



Galathcae expedition, 289 



Galen, 652 



Galeopithecus, 495 



Gall, bladder, 331, 370, 439, 515 



gnats, 265 



wasp, 250, 265 

 Galliformes, 433, 461 

 Gallinules, 452, 461 

 Callus, 456 

 Cambusia, 394 

 Game animals, 487 

 Gamete, 51,52,68, 578 

 Gametocyte, 68, 69 



