GLOSSARY 



667 



Cer'e-brum (L., cerebrum, brain). The large, 

 lobed, anterior part of the brain, which in 

 man makes possible thought, memory, and 

 the like. 



Cer'vi-cal (L. cervix, neck). Pertaining to the 

 neck region. 



Cer'vix (L. cervix, a neck). A necklike struc- 

 ture, as the uterine cervix of a t\'pical mam- 

 mal. 



Char'ac-ter (Gr. from charassein, to engrave). 

 A distinguishing structure or function; any 

 trait of an organism. 



Che-lic'er-a (Gr. chele, claw; keras, horn). The 

 anterior pair of appendages in spiders and re- 

 lated forms. 



Che'li-ped (Gr. chele, claw; L. pes, foot). A 

 crustacean appendage having a pincerlike 

 claw distally, such as the first and second 

 walking legs of a crayfish. 



Che-mot'ro-pism (Gr. chemos, juice; trope, 

 turning). The behavior response of an or- 

 ganism to chemical stimulation. 



Chi-as'ma (Gr. chiazein, to mark with a cross). 

 Usually pertaining to the optic chiasma, the 

 region in whch the optic ner\'cs from the 

 retina of the eye cross in vertebrates. 



Chi'tin (Gr. chiton, a kind of garment, tunic). 

 A complex organic substance occurring in 

 the exoskeleton of arthropods and some 

 other animals. 



Chlo'ro-phyl (Gr. chloros, green; phyelon, 

 leaf). Green pigments in plants, and possibly 

 certain animals, that are essential for photo- 

 synthesis. 



Chlo'ro-plast (Gr. chloros, green; plastos, 

 molded ) . A chromatophore containing 

 chlorophyl. 



Cho'a-no-cyte (Gr. choane, funnel; kytos, hol- 

 low). Flagellated collar cells found in 

 sponges. 



Chon'dri-o-some (Gr. chondrion; Gr. soma, 

 body). See Mitochondria. 



Chon'dro-cra"ni-um (Gr. chondros, grain; 

 kranion, skull). A cartilaginous skull, as 

 found in sharks. 



Chor'date (Gr. chord, string). Pertaining to 

 the phylum Chordata. Animals having (I) 

 a notochord present some time in their life 

 history, (2) a dorsally located tubular nerv- 

 ous system, and (3) gill slits present at some 

 time in their life histor}'. 



Chro'ma-tid (Gr. chroma, color). Either one 



of the two identical halves into which a 

 chromosome appears to split longitudinally 

 in cell di\ision; actually each chromosome 

 duplicates another copy next to itself. 



Chro'ma-tin (Gr. chroma, color; L. afjtnis, 

 affinity for) . The stainable protoplasmic sub- 

 stance in the nucleus of a cell which gives 

 rise to the conspicuous chromosomes during 

 mitosis. 



Chro"ma-to-phore' (Gr. chroma, color; 

 pherein, to bear). A specialized pigment- 

 bearing body or cell, such as that found in 

 the frog's skin, and responsible for color 

 markings on many animals. 



Chro-mo-nem'a (Gr. chroma, color; Gr. nema, 

 thread). A slender thread of chromatin, dis- 

 tinguishable within the chromosome during 

 mitosis and, in some cases, in the nucleus 

 between periods of division. Plural, chro- 

 monemata. 



Chro'mo-some (Gr. chroma, color; soma, 

 body). Deeply staining body visible under 

 the microscope in the cell nucleus. Chromo- 

 somes consist essentiallv of genes (deter- 

 miners of heredity) arranged in linear order. 



Cil'i-a (L. cilium, eyelid). Microscopic, hair- 

 like, protoplasmic processes projecting from 

 the free surface of certain cells and capable 

 of vibration. 



Cir'ri (L. cirrus, curl, ringlet, lock). Small, 

 slender projections or appendages appearing 

 almost like tentacles except for their position. 



Cis-ter'na Mag'na (L. cisterna, box. L. magna, 

 great). The ca\it\' dorsal to the coelom of 

 vertebrates in which the kidneys arc located. 



Class (L. classis, collection). A main subdi\i- 

 sion of a phylum. 



Clav'i-cle (L. clavis, key). The collarbone in 

 man or its homologue in other vertebrates. 



Cleav'age (A.S. cleofan, to cut). The series of 

 carlv divisions of an egg into many cells. 



Cleav'age cav'i-ty (A.S. cleofan, to cut. L. 

 cavils, hollow). A blastocoel. 



Cli-tel'lum (L. clitellae, packsaddle). A thick- 

 ened glandular portion of the body of an 

 eartliworm or other annelid, used in the 

 formation of the cocoon. 



Clo-a'ca (L. cloaca, a sewer). The common 

 passageway or ca\ity at the posterior end of 

 the body into which the intestine, kidneys, 

 and genital organs discharge their products. 

 This is found in fishes, amphibians, reptiles, 



