360 



THE RISE OF ANIMAL LIFE 



people with typically long heads. They 

 have ruddy complexions with blond straight 

 or wavy hair and blue eyes. They are found 

 in the Scandinavian Peninsula and the East 

 Baltic shores, as well as in Great Britain 

 and the Low Countries. It is interesting to 

 note that during and previous to World 

 War I Hitler's regime was encouraging the 

 propagation of more Nordics who actually 

 make up only a small part of the population 

 of Germany. The name later was appropri- 

 ately changed to Aryan, which refers to cul- 

 ture rather than to race. The Celts, who 

 reside today in Ireland, Scotland, and 

 Wales, are not true Nordics. 



4. Alpines. These are short, stocky, round- 

 headed people with brown hair and eyes 

 and a skin that ranges from white to olive 

 in color. These are the first "broad heads" 

 which, according to anthropologists, are a 

 more recent race of people. They are sup- 

 posed to have appeared in relatively recent 

 times and have dominated the long heads. 

 They are most common in central Europe 

 today. 



Mongoloids. Much of Eastern Asia and 

 the Americas were originally populated 

 with members of this race which includes 

 the Chinese, Japanese, Eskimos, and Ameri- 

 can Indians. They are characterized by 

 coarse, black straight hair, and skin that has 

 varying shades of yellow and brown. Hair 

 is confined to the head where it is abundant, 

 whereas the face and the rest of the body 

 are relatively naked. The head is round and 

 the face broad with high cheek bones and a 

 small nose. Many possess slanting eye aper- 

 tures in which a peculiar fold of skin covers 

 the upper eyelid; this is a specialized fea- 

 ture, the function of which is not clear. 

 They are usually rather short and stockily 

 built. 



These people have thrived both in Asia 

 and the Americas, although the North Amer- 

 ican Indian has not fared as well as his 

 oriental cousins. Indians that made their 

 way south into Central and South America 

 have maintained themselves but those that 



stayed north have not done so well since 

 the infiltration of Europeans. Most of them 

 were little concerned about culture al- 

 though some, such as the Aztecs and Incas, 

 did reach a rather high degree of civiliza- 

 tion until it was interrupted by the white 

 man. The nomadic Indian could hardly de- 

 velop a culture when he was always on the 



move. 



The Eskimos, while definitely Mongol- 

 oid, are quite different from the Indian. 

 They have narrow heads which might indi- 

 cate some earlier admixture from one of the 

 long-headed races. Their northern habitats 

 caused them to build up a particular cul- 

 ture and they were a successful group until 

 the coming of the white man who intro- 

 duced, along with his good will and his re- 

 ligion, his own infectious diseases, all of 

 which the Eskimo would have been better 

 off without. 



Mans present status. One might think 

 that with all laws of evolution operative 

 through these past 500,000 or more years 

 present-day man might be a "super" human 

 being, an animal physically perfect in all 

 respects and geared beautifully to his envi- 

 ronment. This, in fact, is far from the truth. 

 The number of people with defective vision 

 is a glaring example. The occasional inad- 

 equacies of the various organ systems is 

 confirming evidence that they do not always 

 function as they were intended, at least 

 under present treatment which itself may 

 be at fault. One is no farther from the state 

 of health of the American people than he is 

 from his radio; to listen would convince the 

 less astute that these past one-half million 

 years have delivered upon the world a spe- 

 cies of animal that cannot possibly cope 

 with his own surroundings. His environ- 

 ment has become so outrageous that he 

 must constantly concoct and devise supple- 

 mentary ingredients to his normal diet in 

 order to keep his body functioning. This 

 problem is far more economic than biolog- 

 ical, and aside from differential birth rates 

 and the possibility of self-annihilation the 



