THE VERTEBRATE ANIMAL — SUBPHYLUM VERTEBRATA 411 



Elasmobranchii (e las mo bran'ki i, metal plate and gills). Pish 

 with jaws, cartilaginous skeleton, persistent notochord, and plaeoid 

 scales. Sharks, Rays, and Chimaeras. 



Pisces (Pis'es, fishes). True fish with bony skeleton, gill respira- 

 tion, with jaws and paired lateral fins. Catfish, Perch, Bass. 



Amphibia (am fib'i a, both lives). Cold-blooded, nonscaled aquatic 

 and terrestrial vertebrates with five-fingered, paired appendages. 

 Most of them breathe by gills in the larval stage and by lungs in 

 the adult. Toads, Frogs, and Salamanders. 



Reptilia (rep til'i a, crawling). Cold-blooded forms which are 

 fundamentally terrestrial, usually possessing a scaly skin and breath- 

 ing by lungs. Turtles, Lizards, Snakes, and Crocodiles. 



Aves (a'vez, birds) . Warm-blooded, erect forms possessing feathers. 

 The forelimbs have become wings. All birds. 



Mammalia (mama'lia, mammary or breast). Warm-blooded ver- 

 tebrates with hair and with mammary glands for suckling the young. 

 Cats, Men, Monkeys, Whales, Seals, Bats, etc. 



