484 TEXTBOOK OF ZOOLOGY 



A List of Families of the Amphibia in the United States 



The ranges cited below are not exact but give an idea of the dis- 

 tribution of the genera. 



Order Caudata (Urodela) (Tailed Amphibians) 



Suborder Crypto'branchoidea 

 Family Cryptobranchidae 



Cryptohranchus alleganiensis (1 species). This so-called "hellbender" 

 ranges from the eastern states west to Iowa, south to Louisiana. 



Suborder Ambystomoidea 

 Family Ambystomidae 

 Amby stoma (13 species). Common species in the Southwest are: the Tiger 

 salamander {A. tigrinum) ; the Texan salamander {A. texanum) ; and the 

 Marbled salamander {A. opacum). 

 Dicamptodon ensatus (1 species). Eegion of San Francisco, Calif. 

 Bhyacotriton olympicus (1 species). Olympic Mountains, Wash. 

 Suborder Salamandroidea 

 Family Salamandridae 



Triturus (5 species in the United States). The common newt of the South- 

 west is Triturus viridescens louisianensis. The other species represented is 

 T. meridionalis. 

 Family Amphiumidae 

 Amphiuma (2 species). A. tridactylum, the three-toed congo eel, ranges 

 from northern Florida to eastern Texas. 

 Family Plethodontidae 



Gyrinophilus porphyriticus (1 species). Eastern states west to Kentucky, 



south to Georgia. 

 Fseudotriton (2 species). Pennsylvania to Louisiana. 

 Eurycea (6 species). Range from New England to Texas. 

 Manculus quadridigitatus (1 species). North Carolina to Texas. This dwarf 

 salamander has only four toes. 



Stereochilus marginatus (1 species). Dismal Swamp, Virginia to Georgia. 



Typhlotriton spelaeus (1 species). The blind salamander of the caves of 

 Missouri and Arkansas. 



Typhlomolge rathbimi (1 species). The blind cave salamander of Texas. 



Leurognathus marmorata (1 species). North Carolina mountains. 



Desmognathus (5 species). Southern Canada to the Gulf of Mexico, eastern 

 states westward to Illinois. Most common species in Southwest is D. 

 brimleyorum, Brimley's triton. 



Plethodon (15 species). Distributed over almost the entire United States. 

 Common in the Southwest is P. glutinosus, the slimy salamander. 



Hemidactylium scutatum (1 species). Canada to Louisiana. Another four- 

 toed salamander. 



