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journal of Pbarmacolody, 



Devoted to the Advances Made in Materia Medica in its Branches, 



Pharmacy^ Pharmacognosy^ Chemistry, Botany, Pharmaco- 



Dynamics, Therapeutics and Toxicology, 



Published for the Alumni Association of the College of Pharmacy of the City of New York, 

 by The New Era Printing Company, 41 North Queen St., Lancaster, Pa. 



Voi<. VII. 



KEBRUARY, 1900. 



No. 2. 



Urine Analysis by the Pharmacist. 



By George; C. Diekman, Ph.G.,MD. 



(Continued from January Number. 



PART ELEVEN. 



LIBRAR 



NEW V":;i 



BOTANICAL 

 GARDEN. 



Chlorides (NaCl-HCl). 



In normal urine chlorides are found chiefly as sodium chloride, with 

 small quantities of potassium and ammonium chlorides. The latter are so 

 insignificant that we usually only speak of the sodium chloride per cent, of 

 urine, that is, the hydrochloric acid in urine is estimated as sodium chlor- 

 ide. Varying quantities of chlorine may be present in urine in the form of 

 organic combinations. After urea, the chlorides constitute the main solid 

 constituent of urine. Normally the quantity eliminated depends upon the 

 quantity taken in with the food, so that after a meal a greater quantity is 

 found in urine than at other times. Likewise, after prolonged severe 

 bodily exercise the quantity is increased, while during periods of rest the 

 quantity is diminished. On the whole, however, the quantity taken in, 

 and that excreted, corresponds closely. The quantity eliminated by the 

 healthy individual varies from 10-16 grammes per day, corresponding to 

 about 6-10 grammes of chlorine. Pathologically the quantity eliminated 

 may be materially diminished. In rare cases they disappear entirely from 

 the urine for a time. Thus in many acute febrile diseases, such as pneu- 

 monia, etc., the quantit}^ is diminished. In these conditions it is custom- 



