Polygala polygania and P. paiicifiora. \ 29 



Chodat,' in speaking of the two winglike sepals in the 

 PolygalacecB says : " The anatomical structure of these wings 

 is that of the petals. Stomata have never been found on 

 them." The following description will show the incorrectness 

 of the above statement. The cells of each surface are wavy 

 in outline, similar to the smaller sepals (Fig. 11). On the 

 outer surface stomata are numerous and on the inner they are 

 also tolerably abundant. In both cases they occur in the 

 central portion of the member, but cease abruptly toward the 

 margins, where the fibro-vascular bundles end. Thus, taking 

 into account the loose and spreading character of the wings, 

 it will be seen that over the calyx stomata are found on sur- 

 faces which obtain free access of air, and rather irrespective 

 of the presence of chlorophyll. 



Calyx. — B. The Aerial Cleistogamic Flower. In this all 

 five sepals are present, but the wings are reduced and only 

 slightly larger than the other three. The epidermal cells 

 show to a less degree the wavy outlines of the corresponding 

 cells in the conspicuous flowers (Fig. 12). The superficial 

 wall-thickenings are not visible. On the outer surfaces of the 

 three exterior sepals stomata are exceedingly abundant. 



Calyx. — C, The Subterranean Cleistogamic Flower. In 

 this five sepals are still present. The wings are greatly 

 reduced and are slightly smaller than the other three sepals. 

 The wavy cell-walls, found in the epidermis of the chasmo- 

 gamic flower sepals, are here lacking (Fig. 13). Stomata 

 are present on all five sepals over both surfaces, though they 

 are few in number, and are of a characteristically degenerate 

 appearance. 



Corolla. — A. The Chasmogamic Flower. In it the ante- 

 rior petal is 5-6 millimeters long, and is developed into a hood, 

 covering the sporophylls and bearing on the anterior border of 

 the hood six or eight finger-shaped appendages, which pro- 



^ Chodat, loc. cit. 

 9 



