AND Multiplication in Erythronium 309 



in action also, to the glands in the hairs of Drosera.* One or two 

 layers of cells cover the end of the fibro-vascular bundle which is 

 slightly larger than in the body of the cotyledon. No starch is 

 present in the seed, except in the raphe and spur, where a few 

 grains are scattered through the thin-walled cells (Fig. i8, c). 

 During the growth of the seedling starch is found just within the 

 glandular tip of the cotyledon, and in other portions as already 

 stated. 



When the food material has been exhausted the cotyledon 

 " elbows " its way to the surface and functions as a leaf. At this 

 stage it resembles an onion seedling, but unlike the onion no fur- 

 ther development of foliage occurs until a year later. The plu- 

 mule-bulb is now forming and is complete, as a bulb, about the 

 time the seedlings wither early in May. The plumule is formed 

 at the base of the swelling at the origin of the radicle (/, Fig. lo). 

 At first a mere line of division separates the plumule cells from 

 the other cells of the young bulb. Later the plumule appears as 

 a protuberance at the bottom of a small cavity in the base of the 

 bulb [p, Fig. ii). After the cotyledon withers the plumule con- 

 tinues to develop, until a small leaf is formed by the first of No- 

 vember. The plumule-bulb becomes heavily charged with starch 

 early in its development, and thereafter the subterranean portions, 

 except the shoots inside the bulbs are starch bearing. 



Runners have their origin at the base of the stem, as a bud in 

 the axil of the inner bulb-scale. From this point (Figs. 13, 15) 

 they push out irregular distances, and at the completion of their 

 growth form bulbs from their terminal buds. Mature bulbs are 

 annually renewed from similar buds (Fig. 17), which develop in- 

 side of the parent, beginning as buds in December ; the new bulb 

 being full size just after the blossoms fall, in late April. Fig. 30 

 shows the new bulb at the time that the parent is in prime flower. 



The runner and annual bulbs begin to form the buds for the 

 next spring's leaves and flowers, in May. The first evidence is a 

 discolored line or streak extending upward from close to the bot- 

 tom of the bulb ; soon there appears a cavity at the lower end of 

 this streak, in which a short sprout is visible in June or July (Fig. 

 16). This sprout continues to develop until in November and 



*Kerner, Nat. Hist, of Plants, 2: 145. / 126. 



