FLOERKEA PROSERPINACOIDES AND ALLIES 411 



In F. proserpinacoides the flowers are small and inconspicuous. They 

 are trimerous in symmetry. There are three ovate acuminate green 

 persistent sepals, united at their bases. Stomata are present in great 

 numbers on both the outer and inner faces of the sepals. Water stomata 

 are present upon the tip. 



The petals are oblong and white, three in number, and only one-third 

 as long as the sepals. Upon the base of the petals are a few blunt short 

 unicellular hairs (Fig. 10). 



The stamens are six, in two rows. The outermost row, opposite the 

 sepals, have upon their outer side a gland at the base of the filament. 

 The inner row, opposite the petals, are without glands. The stamens 

 equal each other in height, and are shorter than the petals. The anthers 

 are globose, and introrse, versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. The pollen 

 is smooth and oval. The stamens with the petals are set on the inner 

 edge of a flat disk of cells upon the receptacle. 



The pistil consists of three separate carpels with a g>Tiobasic style 

 set between the carpels. There are usually only two carpels well de- 

 veloped, the third being a mere rudiment which is early crowded out by 

 the two functioning carpels. The style rarely divides into three, mostly 

 into two short style arms, each bearing a capitate stigmatic surface. 



Sections of each young carpel show one anatropous ovule. The 

 funiculus arises from the base of the receptacular tissue, runs up freely 

 within the carpel and bears the inverted ovule (Fig. 11). When a third 

 carpel is present, the ovule present is rudimentary, and imperfect. One 

 carpel alone usually matures; maturation of two carpels is, however, not 

 uncommon. 



In sectioning the flowers at different stages, there are shown in the 

 carpels and fruit certain pecuHarities of structure. Over the carpellary 

 wall there are papillae \-isible even to the naked eye. In transverse 

 sections prepared from paraffin material these papillae are seen to be 

 formed by pushing out of the large celled epidermis of the carpellary wall. 

 These in the fruit cause the appearance described as "papillose," "rug- 

 ose." These epidermal cells are peculiarly thickened on their outer 

 walls by wart-Uke protuberances. Upon application of chlorophyll 

 extract, these color green, but give no color reaction when phloroglucin 

 is applied, showing that they are thickenings of cutin, not Hgnin. Within 

 this epidermal layer in the carpel are four layers of large cells with thin 

 walls, which form the remainder of the carpellary wall. The innermost 

 layer of the carpellary wall is flattened, forming a distinct Une of demarca- 



