IOWA DISCOMYCETES 119 



Graphium giganteum Sacc, Syll. Fung. 4: 611. 1886. 

 Holwaya ophiobolus Sacc, Syll. Fung. 8 : 646. 1889. 



Plants occurring singly or in cespitose clusters, stipitate ; hy- 

 menium concave, becoming plane or convex about 1 cm. in 

 diameter, dark-colored, brownish-black; asci clavate, 8-spored; 

 spores in a fascicle in the ascus, very long, more or less tapering 

 toward the end, many-septate, about 65 by 3 to 4^, paraphyses 

 filiform, slender and enlarged at their apices. 



On partially decayed wood, Decorah. 



The only specimens of this species examined are those col- 

 lected by Mr. Holway in the northeast part of the state. The 

 plants are very distinct in the long filiform, many-septate spores. 



URNULA Fries, Summa Veg. Scand. 364. 1849. 



Cups stipitate, urn-shaped, at first closed, then opening by a 

 circular or stellate aperture, externally dark colored, furfura- 

 •ceous or clothed with dark colored, minute hairs ; asci cylindrical, 

 .8-spored; spores oblong-elliptical. 



One species is common in woods in the early spring. 



Urnula craterium (Schw.) Fries, Summa Veg. Scand. 364. 

 1849. 



Plate 39, f. n. 



Peziza craterium Schw., Schr. Nat. Ges. Leipzig 1 : 117. 1822. 

 Cenangium craterium (Schw.) Fries, Elench. Fung. 2: 21. 



1828. 

 Dermea craterium Schw., Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. II. 4: 237. 



1832. 

 Geopyxis craterium (Schw.) Rehm, Rabenh. Krypt. Fl. I 3 : 



974. 1896. 



Cups large, long stipitate, subcespitose, dark brownish-black, 

 -at first closed, hollow within, opening at the top by an irregular 

 rupture, leaving the margin notched, involute, clothed exter- 

 nally with minute black hairs; asci very long, cylindrical, 8- 

 spored ; spores oblong, hyaline, granular within, 25 to 30 by 10 /i ; 

 paraphyses slender, septate. 



