106 Bulletin Wisconsin Natural History Society- [Vol. 9, No. 3. 



sub-parallel, segment 5 is but 2 mm. wide at the base, while F23 

 is 3.5 mm. at the same segment. As a rule the apical segments 

 have a wider expansion than the constriction at 3, and also the 

 9th and 10th segments are markedly narrower than the preceding 

 ones. The insects therefore present a much different appearance 

 from the slender and parallel form of Stella and petcchialis. 



As to wing markings the long series on hand permit a division 

 into more common forms, though intermediates are not wanting. 

 Certain types, however, usually from a single region, show con- 

 stancy in the type of their markings. For convenience the fol- 

 lowing division of color types was made, applying only to the 

 hind wings : 



cl. Colors reaching half way to the first antenodal. 



c2. " " to first antenodal. 



d. " " base of triangle. 



e. " " tip of triangle. 



f. " extending beyond tip of t, and to third antenodal. 



g . » " " " " t, " " fourth 



Very rarely a specimen exceeds the latter type of coloration. 

 Of these forms ci and C2 and e and f are more common. Their 

 distribution and increase in color markings is from south to north, 

 a striking phenomenon and the direct opposite of what we find in 

 Epicordulia princeps. The transition of forms from ci to f is 

 so close and regular that there can be little doubt of their identity. 

 Yet if extremes, ci and g, be placed side by side they would 

 hardly be considered identical. Ci is the form described by Say, 

 while all the rest of the names (basiguttata, lateralis) are synony- 

 mical. I am loath to rename any of the various forms of cynosura 

 since their identity is so obvious. Nevertheless, after much con- 

 sideration I have decided to name the extremes represented by 

 forms ci to d and forms e to g, more as a matter of advisable 

 convenience, and to prevent future synonymic entanglement, than 

 because of natural distinctions. In doing so its seems advisable 

 to have each name cover as large a series as possible. 

 Hindwings with markings reaching the base of the triangle or 



less cynosura cynosura Say 



Hindwings with markings reaching to tip of triangle and beyond 



cynosura simulans n. m 



