1909] Graenicher, Wisconsin Flowers and Their Pollination. 55' 



flies. The Bombylid fly Bxprosopa fasciata is also a regular visi- 

 tor, but not appearing in such abundance as on the flowers of L. 

 pycnostachya in southern Illinois, as stated by Robertson. 

 The following 23 insects were taken on the flowers : 



EUTEOPOUS. 



Bees: 7, male, s ; 9, male, female and worker, s. and c. p.; 13, 

 male, female and worker, s. and c. p. ; 14, female, s. and c. p. ; 19, 

 female, s. and c. p. ; 20, female, s. and c. p. ; 34, female, s. and c. p. ; 

 37, female, s. and c. p. 



HEMITBOPOUS. 



Bee : 101, female, c. p. 

 Flies : 273 ; 30S ; 313— all s. or f. p. 



Butterflies and moths: 450; 451; 453; 454; 457; 468; 469; 480; 

 481 ; 490— all s. 



ALLOTEOPOUS. 

 Beetle: 516, f. p. 



Eutrop 8 = 34.8% 



Hemitrop 14 = 60.9% 



Allotrop 1 = 4.3% 



Solidago L. 



The different species of goldenrod of our region show com- 

 paratively little diversity in color and structure of the flowers. All 

 of them are yellow, although the shade of this color differs some- 

 what in the various species. One of our species, Solidago (Butha- 

 mia) graminifolia stands alone with its tube length of 1^2 mm. 

 (1 mm. in the remaining species), and the strong fraqrance of its 

 flowers also renders it conspicuous among the rest. The influence 

 of these characters on the make-up of its visitors is quite in evi- 

 dence. The goldenrod flowers are, as a rule, exceedingly attrac- 

 tive to insects. 



14. Solidago juncea Ait. Early Goldenrorl. 



This, our earliest species has been found in bloom from July 9 

 on to September 15. In its upper portion the discal floret forms 

 a cup barely I mm. long, and about Ya mm. wide. The slender 

 lobes of the corolla have about the same length as the cup, and are 

 reflexed. 



The list of visitors comprises 182 species. 



