54 Bulletin Wisconsin Natural History Society. [Vol. 7, Nos. 1-2. 



not represent a flat surface as in those species. These factors, and 

 especially the length and narrowness of the tube are unfavorable 

 to the visits of the less adapted short-tongued insects. 

 53 visitors were observed. 



EUTEOPOUS. 



Bees : 1, worker, s. ; 2, male, s. ; 4, female, s. and c. p. ; 6, worker, 

 s. ; 7, male and female, s. and c. p.; 9, worker, s. ; 11, male and female, 

 s. ; 17, male and female, s. ; 24, male and female, s. and c. p. ; 33, 

 female, s. ; 34, female, s. and c. p. ; 35, female, s. 



HEMITROPOUS. 



Bees : 105, male and female, s. and c. p. 



Wasps : 186 ; 203, 204— all s. 



Flies: 273; 274; 275; 280; 303; 306; 307; 313; 316; 339— all s. or 

 f.p. 



Butterflies and moths: 450; 451; 454; 457; 458; 460; 461; 462; 

 463; 464; 467; 469; 472; 477; 478; 482; 485; 487; 488; 489; 490; 493; 

 497— all s. 



ALLOTROPOUS. 



Flies : 372 ; 378 ; 443— all s. or f . p. 



Beetle : 527, f . p. 



Eutrop 12 = 22.6% 



Hemitrop 37 = 69.8% 



Allotrop 4 = 7.6% 



13. Liatris spicata (L.) Willd. Gay Feather. 



The observations were made on August 14 and 29, in Racine 

 Co., Wis., where this plant is a rather conspicuous inhabitant of 

 the prairie formation. Its blooming time extends from about July 

 29, to September 4. In color, structure, and its relations to in- 

 sects this species agrees pretty well with L. pycnostachya Alich., 

 an account of which has been published by Robertson 28 . The 

 slender erect stem, wdiich often attains a height exceeding 1 m. is 

 adorned at its summit with a long spike of densely crowded heads, 

 each of which contains about 6 reddish-purple florets. Such a 

 floret represents a tube about 1V2 mm. wide at its entrance, and of 

 a total length of 7 mm., 2 mm. of which is taken up by the slightly 

 divergent corollar lobes. The bottom can therefore be reached 

 by an insect's tongue 5 mm. in length. As in the case of L. pyc- 

 nostachya the visitors are mostly long-tongued bees, and butter- 



28) Chas. Robertson. Flowers and insects. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, 

 Vol. VI., No. 14, p. 454. 



