458 BOTAXICAL GAZETTE [tone 



of these species continue on as relics while new ones make their 

 appearance. 



Just west of the pine dunes at Miller and south of the Grand 

 Calumet is such a transition region of mixed pine and oak. Along 

 the slope near the river is an abundant growth of mosses, but 

 nowhere except close to the water do they form as complete a cover- 

 ing as in the pine association. Toward the top of the slope they 

 become scattered, and there is also a decrease in the number of spe- 

 cies. Thuidium delicatulum continues on the lower slope with some 

 T. recognition. Other types found among the conifers are mixed 

 with new species, one of the most common of which is Fissidens 

 cristatus. Other forms, either new or now much more abundant, 

 are Mnium cuspidatum, Thelia Lescnrii, Anomodon rostratus, 

 Climacium americanum, and Rhodobryum roseum. 



As mentioned previously, another ecologically more advanced 

 transition slope occurs south of Dune Creek near Tremont, Indiana. 

 Conditions here are even more favorable for mosses than at Miller. 

 The presence of such trees as tulip and hard maple before the pines 

 are entirely gone would indicate a telescoping of the oak stages and 

 the rapid advance of the climax forest. The same relative dif- 

 ference in scattered moss patches on the upper slope and almost 

 continuous mat near the base is noticeable here as at Miller. The 

 most conspicuous species is Aulacomnium lieterostichum, bearing 

 numerous sporophytes. Other mesophytic species not mentioned 

 before are Bartramia pomiformis, Catharinea nndulata, and Dic- 

 ranella heteromalla. Anomodon aUenuatus occurs in dry situations, 

 usually on tree bases. As already mentioned, both of these 

 transition slopes are near the lake, north facing and south of 

 streams. In striking contrast to these are transition slopes directly 

 south of the pine dunes, farther from the lake, and not in close 

 proximity to streams. Here we see a rapid thinning out of the 

 moss flora. The more mesophytic species disappear entirely and 

 only a few new forms come in. These resemble the types found at 

 the xerophytic tops of the more mesophytic transition slopes. 



In the early stages of the oak dune proper, either farther west 

 along the Calumet or south of the pine dunes at Miller as well as 

 at Paul and Furnessville, the mosses are still scattered. In 



