2fi2 Inti'odiicdon to the S^/nopsis of the AcridhJw. 



VA alluding to this portion, as I consider them closed when describing 

 them. I also usually call the opposite edge the lower margw, by 

 most authors named tlie mdal or anterior margin. The area of each 

 elytron is divided into three fields by two strong, longitudinal nerves ; 

 tiie larger of these nerves (or veins, as they are sometimes called), 

 which runs a little distance from and sub-parallel to the anterior or 

 lower margin, is the externa median nerve ; the other, which runs 

 from near the middle of the base obliquely upward toward the posterior 

 or upper margin, usually reaching it a little beyond the middle, is the 

 interno median nerve. The three fields into which the area is divided 

 have received different names, in order to designate them w-ithout 

 circundocution. The anal, posterior or upper field, is the portion between 

 the interno median nerve and upper margin, and rests horizontally on 

 the abdomen when the elytra are closed. The anterior, marginal or 

 Ivwer field, is the portion between the externo median nerve and lower 

 margin, being the lower area on the side when the elytra are closed. 

 Tiie discoidal, intermediate or middle field, is the space between the 

 two nerves mentioned; it is very often referred to simply as the disk 

 of the elytra. Th.Q angle of the elytra is the longitudinal ridge formed 

 along the interno median nerve, by the sudden fiexure from the hori- 

 zontal to the vertical portion when closed. 



iYhen describing the wings they are supposed to be fully spread. 

 Ttie terms dhh and base are sometimes, though not properly, used 

 interchangeably, referring to the moiety of the wing next the body. 

 At other times dish is properly applied to the middle portion. I use 

 the term sub-marginal area, to designate that portion between the 

 anterior margin and next strong nerve ; margin, when used without 

 any qualification, signifies the front margin. The nerves, or veins, are 

 tlie ribs which run from the base to the outer margin, and form the 

 lines of plication when at rest. The nervides, or velnlets, are the minute 

 C\-ansverse ribs running from one nerve to another. When these are 

 placed regularly, like the rounds of a ladder, they are called scalariform. 

 In many species, especially of QiJdipodini, the basal half of the wing 

 i,5 colored red, yellow, or some other bright color, which is often 

 "hounded exteriorly by a black or fuscous band, extending across the 

 face, from the anterior to the posterior margin, generally curving along 

 the latter, to or toward the posterior or anal angle ; in other species the 

 greater portion of the wing is black or fuscous, Avhile in a large num- 

 ber the entire wing is pellucid. 



The abdomen is the posterior part of the body which is attached to 

 the metathorax. It is generally sub-convex on the under side, and 

 siiglitly compressed hiterally or sub-carinate above. It is composed of 



