Rydberg: Notes on Rosace ae 121 



R. saxatilis and R. transmontanus are more or less bristly. Neither 

 is the width of the stipules. The structure of the filaments sepa- 

 rates the species of the R. arctiais and R. saxatilis groups from all 

 other American species of Ruhus, but in R. saxatilis and R. trans- 

 montanus this character is less marked. The latter connects the 

 group with the raspberries, the former with the dewberries of 

 Europe. 



Dyctisperma, Cumbata, and Ametron of Rafinesque were based 

 on Asiatic species usually regarded as blackberries and naturally 

 will not be discussed here. 



AmpomeJe Raf. was based on an Asiatic raspberry. 



Selnorition Raf. was based on American and European dew- 

 berries including also R. saxatilis. It has no generic value. 



Manteia Raf. was based on Ruhus stellatus, a species which is, 

 notwithstanding its merely lobed leaves, so closely related to R. 

 acaulis with three-foliolate leaves that many botanists regard 

 them as belonging to the same species. The structure of the 

 fruit and the flowers is identical. The latter apparently grades 

 into R. arcticus, which on the other hand connects with R. pubes- 

 cens. These species are also connected by hybrids. Manteia 

 could not be regarded as a distinct genus from Cylactis. 



Batidaea (Dumort.) Greene was based on the red raspberries 

 with R. idaeus as the type. If we had no other species of Rubus 

 than the raspberries and the blackberries, I would be willing to 

 accept this genus. As stated above, R. pubescens combines char- 

 acters of the raspberries and dewberries (= decumbent black- 

 berries), but there are Mexican species of Rubus, as for instance 

 R. scandens and R. fagifolius, which are blackberries in every 

 respect except the fruit. The receptacle is practically dry and the 

 drupelets fall off separately. So they do also in a West Indian 

 blackberry, R. jamaicensis. In some Asiatic species, usually re- 

 garded as raspberries, the fruit does not "come off as a thimble." 

 Rubus ellipticus is so like a Mexican group of blackberries in both 

 habit and flowers that anyone not knowing its raspberry fruit 

 would place it in that group and next to R. adenotrichos. 



It is, therefore, impossible to draw a line between blackberries 

 and raspberries, which also hybridize not seldom in Europe. 



As far as I can interpret the American Code, the type of 



