116' 



CHAPTER XIIL 



DIFFERENT KINDS OF STEMS AND 

 STALKS OF PLANTS. 



JL/iNNiEUS enumerates seven kinds of Trunks, 

 Stems, or Stalks of Vegetables. These are 

 necessary to be known, for botanical di- 

 stinctions, though some are more important 

 than others, both in that respect and in a 

 physiological point of view. 



1. Caulis. A Stem properly so called, which 

 bears, or elevates from the root, the leaves 

 as well as flowers. The trunks and branches 

 of all trees and shrubs come under this de- 

 nomination, as well as of a great propor- 

 tion of herbaceous plants, especially an- 

 nuals.« 



The Stem is either simple, as in the 

 White Lily, or branched, as in most 

 instances. When it is regularly and re- 

 peatedly divided, and a flower springs 



