CLADONIA. 



cumference, free beneath in the centre, the sides reflexed, uni- 

 form within. 



1340. C. sanguinea Martius ic. plant, crypt, xxix. t. 11. f. 1. 



— Rocks and bark of bushes in Brazil. 



Thallus leafy, very thick, imbricated ; beneath scarlet frosted with 

 white, above green and somewhat gelatinous. Lobes crenulated, as- 

 cending. Podetia nearly solid, cavernous, split into fingered lobes 

 either wholly or at their apex only. Shields marginal, confluent, 

 scarlet. Martius. — Rubbed down with sugar and water this is found 

 to be an excellent remedy in Brazil, for aphthae in children. 



1341. C. vermicularis Hooker. B. F. ii. 234. — Cenomyce 

 vermicularis Ach. syn. 27S. Lichen vermicularis E. B. t. 2029. 



— On the ground in the northern parts of the world. 



Podetia spreading horizontally, pure white, subulate, simple or slightly 

 branched, branches tapering at each end. — Used in South America an 

 a stomachic, under the name of Contrayerba blanca. 



1342. C. rangiferina Hooker B. F. ii. 235. — Cenomyce ran- 

 giferina Ach. syn. 277. Lichen rangiferinus E. Bot. t. 173. — 

 Moors, heaths and mountains, common. (Rein Deer Moss.) 



Podetia erect, elongated, roughish, cylindrical, greenish-white, very 

 much branched, the axils perforated, the branches scattered, often 

 intricate, divaricated, the ultimate ones drooping. Shields subglobose, 

 brown, on small erect branchlets. — One of the most nutritious of 

 this order, and nearly free from the bitterness of some of the escu- 

 lent kinds. 



SCYPHOPHORUS. 



Thallus foliaceous, imbricated. Podetia fistulose, cylindrical, 

 dilated upwards, bearing cups, or attenuated and subulate ; cups 

 closed with a membrane or cleft at the extremity, often rayed 

 in a somewhat digitated manner, the rays all fertile. Shields 

 (cephalodia) convex, capituliform, not bordered, free in the centre 

 beneath, arranged around the edges of the cup, the margin re- 

 flexed, uniform within. 



1343. S. pyxidatus Hooker B. F. ii. 238. — Cenomyce pyx- 

 idata Ach. synops. 252. Lichen pyxidatus E. B. 1. 1393. — Com- 

 mon on heaths, moors, and high land. 



Thallus foliaceous, the segments crenulated, ascending. Podetia all 

 turbinate, elongated, cup-bearing, at length granulated, warty, rough, 

 greyish-green, cups regular, the margin at length proliferous. Shields 

 brown. — This and the following have both the credit of being astrin- 

 gent and febrifugal. 



1344. S. cocciferus Hooker B. F. ii. 240. — Cenomyce cocci- 

 fera Ach. syn. 269. Lichen cocciferus E. Bot. t. 2051. — 

 Common on heathy moors. 



Thallus leathery, pale greenish-grey, mealy, the scales minute, lobed 

 and crenated. Podetia elongated, turbinate, mealy, all cup-bearing; cups 

 with their margins often radiated bearing the scarlet shields. 

 629 s s 3 



